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The last drama post I did about Kuma Miko seemed to have gotten some praise, but some wished to see a Hobby Drama post that had consequences outside “people got angry over it”. So without any further delay, here’s a story about a studio that’s close to my heart, one that I’ve backed twice and seen die twice.
Note: This is a fairly lengthy drama, so forgive me if I’m not able to provide all of my sources. Most of the front half of this comes from this video, which chronicles the first half of Lab Zero entirely in Russian.
From Ahad to Mike Z
Let’s start in the beginning. Alex Ahad is a freelance illustrator who, in between other work, had created character designs for a prospective fighting game. Mike Zaimont is a professional fighting game player best known for games like BlazBlue and Marvel Vs. Capcom, but since 1999 had been coding a custom engine in his free time, which he hoped could be used for a fighting game. The two met in 2008, and the two quickly realized that with each other’s help, their dream could come true. In 2010, the two joined the newly developed game studio Reverge Labs. Joining their team was Mariel “Kinuko” Cartwright, a friend of Ahad’s and daughter of a Disney animator who helped animate games such as Scott Pilgrim vs. The World and Shantae; Peter Bartholow, who acted as CEO of Reverge as well as their PR arm; and an assortment of other animators and designers. Their goal: a fighting game in the style of Marvel vs. Capcom 2 with hand-drawn animation that they called Skullgirls.
After obtaining publishers in Autumn Games and Konami (at the time of development the Microsoft required indie devs to have a retail publisher in order to bring their games to Xbox Live Arcade), the team got to work on Skullgirls. Initial impressions were favorful - people liked Ahad’s unique character designs, the fluid animation, and the solid engine Mike Z built - but upon release, there were some concerns. The time and money needed to develop each character meant a starting roster of only eight characters, a far cry from other fighting games (the original MvC had 15 characters in 1998), and due to the team trying to get the game out, there was no in-game move list. Some were also concerned that the cast, consisting entirely of women, was too fanservice-filled, although Bartholow said that the characters were just attractive women who could fight as opposed to characters using their sexuality in battle (Ahad said that sex wasn’t his main focus, he just wanted to have monster girls fight each other). The team at Reverge Labs stressed that they would continue to update the game, with plans to add DLC if the game sold well enough. Good thing nothing could go wro-
Everything goes wrong
Alongside publishing Skullgirls, Autumn Games and Konami had previously published a karaoke game called Def Jam RapStar. Unfortunately, around March 2012, the time Skullgirls released, both parties were at the end of several lawsuits made against them - one argued that Autumn and Konami did not get the rights to some of the songs used in the game, while another claimed that the game was funded with a bank loan which Autumn Games was unable to pay back. The result of these costly lawsuits was that Autumn was unable to pay Reverge the money made from Skullgirls - this led to the entire Reverge team being laid off around July, and the future of the game in the air.
And so, the team decided on a whim to reconvene as a new development studio, Lab Zero Games. At a fundraiser for breast cancer research which included a fighting game tournament, Mike Z revealed the first DLC fighter and promised that new information about her and the team would be posted soon. This would turn out to be an Indiegogo fundraising campaign that asked for $150,000 to develop the first DLC fighter, with more characters promised if people backed enough.
In the end, $829,829 was raised in the campaign, enough to fund five DLC characters, a bevy of stages and voice packs, and other features. It was quickly becoming a cult classic.
The Skullgirls Curse
And so work on Skullgirls DLC was underway. However, a variety of events happened to befall Lab Zero during development, some causing controversy and others just annoying the team. Some dubbed this “The Skullgirls Curse”. So let’s go over some of them:

• Paypal Woes: During the Indiegogo DLC campaign, Lab Zero announced that Ahad had created around 30 prospective designs for DLC characters, and that there would be a vote to see which characters would be the two “mystery characters” teased in the Indiegogo campaign. As you would guess, this caused the Skullgirls fanbase to get heated, to the point where some stressed that they would ask Indiegogo for their money back if their character didn’t win. PayPal, who managed the funds for this campaign, was concerned about these threats and put nearly all of the money on hold. Bartholow tried to negotiate with PayPal, and was eventually able to get the funding - once PayPal was given a hefty sum as collateral.
• Bad Juju - If you notice on the list of prospective DLC characters, one character is Juju, a character who was designed by Ahad from a fan’s suggestion on a Whiteboard Wednesday art stream. Ahad seemed to like the idea of the character, and kept building her up until she became a legit character in the game. The original fan made a joke on Facebook that he’d like to be compensated for the design, which led Lab Zero to negotiate obtaining the character rights from him. They eventually worked out a contract that would give them the rights to the character, but only if the original fan didn’t reveal it until Lab Zero announced it themselves. The fan then posted about it on the Skullgirls forum the very next day, breaking the NDA immediately and making it so that Lab Zero couldn’t use the character at all.
• Don’t be (Red) Cross with me: One of the characters included in the base game of Skullgirls is Valentine. As you can tell, the two biggest features of her character are her being a nurse and a ninja - as such, her costume is decorated with red crosses. This was upsetting to the real Red Cross, which fights hard to prevent its trademark from being associated with violence - as such, when they came to the Skullgirls publisher demanding a change, all red crosses in the game had to be changed to magenta.
• #FucKonami: In November 2013, due to Konami barely helping at all with the publishing process for Skullgirls (they refused to greenlight any patch or DLC until Lab Zero tested it itself on their own time and money, they didn’t help with Microsoft’s certification process for Xbox, etc), Lab Zero dissolved their publishing agreement. This led to a massive snafu where, due to the dissolution, the original Skullgirls was taken down on consoles, and Lab Zero had to scramble to get a new publisher on the consoles side and then reupload the game as Skullgirls: Encore. It was a tangled web of issues which the above YouTube video relays, but required certification from both console storefronts and even the Japan storefront, as their publisher there was also coincidentally being dissolved at the same time without Lab Zero knowing.
• EVO 2014: During one of the largest fighting game tournaments of 2014, Skullgirls was promised a space for airing their tournament stream by controller distributor Madcatz. Lab Zero and Autumn provided a pot for the tourney, and everything was smooth sailing - until a multitude of delays made it so that the entire time Skullgirls had for streaming was replaced with Tekken tournaments. By the time these issues were fixed, only the final four matches were able to be shown.
• What’s the worst kind of ship? Censor-SHIP!: In April 2015, one of the patches of Skullgirls altered the animation of some characters, which according to Lab Zero themselves was because of their own artistic values (while they admitted that panty shots in a fighting game comprised entirely of girls is unavoidable, they didn’t want to go out of their way to show them). As you might expect, this led to a massive onslaught of negative Steam reviews and caustic tweets from people who abhor censorship of any kind. Funnily enough, this brigade started around October, six months after the changes were made, and only via word of mouth - people didn’t even notice there was a change until someone told them about it.
• Backer characters: As part of their Indiegogo campaign, some of the highest-paying backers could have their original characters put in the background of some custom stages. Lab Zero warned these backers that these stages would be a casino and a ballroom, respectively, so their OCs should ideally be designed with a formal flair. Some backers did follow this unspoken rule - ZONE, a notoriously NSFW Flash animator who helped work on the DLC characters, made a perfectly formal look for his mascot Zone-tan. As for the others, well...
• SonicFox: This isn’t included in the compilation video mentioned above as this occurred way after all the initial Skullgirls drama. Basically, SonicFox is a five-time EVO champion and one of the best Skullgirls players in the world. In May 2020, after Skullgirls was mostly complete, they were given a cameo in Skullgirls’ training stage. Of note is that SonicFox is black, non-binary, and a furry, and the character added to the game was their fursona, who has a trans rights flag in the inside of their jacket you can only see for like one frame. People reacted as you would expect. Also, one of the original backers requested to change their character as they were now transitioning, which didn’t get as much flak, so that’s nice I guess.

So as you can see, Skullgirls had a menagerie of problems and issues during its dev time. However, their Skullgirls curse seemed to have faded away, as they had a new game in store.
If I was Indivisible
Indivisible was a new project of Lab Zero, announced in 2015 as Skullgirls DLC production was nearing an end. Billed as a platformer RPG similar to games like Valkyrie Profile, it would tell the story of Ajna, a young girl whose town is stricken by tragedy and she finds out that she’s a portion of the god of creation, who has grown discontent with the world and wishes to remake it anew. Its Indiegogo campaign focused on Incarnations, party members who came from a variety of cultures, religions, and demographics not usually represented in popular culture. And as you can see by the fact that it got over two million dollars in funding, people were excited to see what Lab Zero could do. They even got enough funding to get Studio Trigger, of anime fame, to create the opening for the game.
Of course, it wouldn’t be Lab Zero without the occasional issue here and there. As shown above, some Incarnations were changed or scrapped during development, which irked some who backed because of that character specifically (not naming any names, but look in the incarnation list and see if you notice any). Backer characters were included again, and although there were more places to add them so they didn’t look out of place, you still had the occasional few that did. Critics liked the art and presentation of the game, but disliked some gameplay issues: the second half of the game became a cakewalk once you progressed far enough, it was a bit of a pain to go from one end of the map to another, especially for side quests, and a bunch of party members simply weren’t complete. Most egregiously of all, the Nintendo Switch version of the game was ported by a different company and released before Lab Zero was even aware of it - which forced them to scramble again to patch it up so it was on par with other consoles.
Still, it was a better situation they were in than when Skullgirls started. They had a legit publisher in 505 Games, people were satisfied with the base game, and Mike Z mentioned how the base game would continue to be refined with gameplay changes, small additions, and guest incarnations from other indie games. NBC even announced that Indivisible would be adapted into a television program for their Peacock streaming service. Things were looking up for Lab Zero.
Everything goes wrong... AGAIN
During the production of Indivisible, Alex Ahad was let go by Lab Zero. Not much is mentioned about it except that he was growing increasingly hostile, making it difficult to work with him, and his art was not meeting the standards for the game. He left, tried to sue Lab Zero, and eventually agreed to a sizable settlement. Mariel became the lead artistic director in his stead, and the art team had to be rearranged to compensate.
Now, as Lab Zero was preparing to transition from being employee-owned, Mike Z was made the temporary head of the studio. In June of 2020, Mike Z did an “I can’t breathe” joke during a Skullgirls livestream just days after George Floyd’s death - he later apologized for this, claiming he was trying to bring attention to the issue. Soon, more people provided proof that Mike Z has had a history of sexual harassment. Kinuko chimes in as well, noting that while she tolerated inappropriate behavior for years, when she talked to Mike Z about it, he blamed her for his actions. She talked with others in the team, who came to the conclusion that Zaimont had treated all of them like this. Some Lab Zero employees resigned on their own, while others pushed for Zaimont to resign. However, as Mike was still head of the studio, he dissolved the studio board and laid off the rest of the staff.
So where does that leave everyone?

• Ahad is still doing art on his own, and gets by with commissions and his Patreon.
• Kinuko, as well as the majority of Lab Zero, created a new studio called Future Club, which has promised to create new titles with the same art style they refined from Skullgirls and Indivisible.
• Autumn Games still own the rights to Skullgirls, and with the help of some former Lab Zero devs, created a mobile version of the game. It’s surprisingly not bad, although it’s of course stuffed with microtransactions. However, they’ve apparently made enough to fund a completely new character for the game for both the mobile and console/PC versions.
• After everything with Mike Z, 505 games put out a statement which signaled the end of all development of the game, leaving it unfinished. Mike Z has been suspended from Skullgirls streams and the like, making his future in the gaming world unclear.

There’s probably something I’ve missed in all of this, but yep. I backed them twice, both for Skullgirls and Indivisible. I don’t regret it, and I’m looking forward to whatever Future Club does, but I won’t lie - I’ll always miss what could have been.

Artist: Run The Jewels
Album: RTJ4
Date Released: June 3rd, 2020
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Artist Background
The duo consisting of Atlanta rapper Killer Mike, and legendary underground produceMC El-P, known together as Run The Jewels, originally came together as a result of Adult Swim executive Jason DeMarco who introduced the two in 2011. After his 2011 album PL3DGE peaked at #115 on the US charts, Killer Mike told Jason that he wanted to make his own AmeriKKKa’s Most Wanted. Jason informed Mike, “If you want AmeriKKKa’s Most Wanted modernized, the only producer I know who comes close to the Bomb Squad-level of production is El-P”. The duo’s chemistry was immediate, as El-P went on to produce all of Killer Mike’s 2012 last solo album R.A.P. Music, and Mike featured on El-P’s final solo album Cancer 4 Cure. Mike and El’s respective albums released within a week of each other in May 2012, and the two embarked on a twenty-city US tour in the following months. After returning from tour, the pair had found a friendship growing between themselves, and made the decision to put other projects on hold and focus on the chemistry that had been sparked. Recording at an upstate NY studio beginning in April 2013, the duo re-appropriated the phrase “Run The Jewels” from the LL Cool J track “Cheesy Rat Blues", and released their self-titled collaborative album, for free via digital download, only a mere 2 months later in June 2013.
36” Chain vs. Pistol & Fist
Run The Jewels discography currently exists in a distinct pairing. With Run The Jewels as their debut, this record set the group's tone as a light-hearted, braggadocious duo with as much confidence in their abilities as swag in their punchlines. Just over a year later, the sequel Run The Jewels 2 took the foundation set from their freshman effort and dialed the insanity up to 11. RTJ2 pushed the boundaries of their aggression and flows to new heights; with incredible energy in their verses, and absolutely impeccable beats, blending El-P’s signature industrial sound with sharp synth arpeggios, chopped Zach De La Rocha vocals, and absolutely bonkers Travis Barker drums.
It was then nearly 3 years before Jamie and Mike followed up their breakout RTJ2, with Run The Jewels 3 being released again ahead of its scheduled release date via free digital download, this time on Christmas Eve 2016. Instead of these two attempting to outdo the pure insanity and in-your-face attitude found in their predecessor, Mike and El decide to evolve themselves as a group. The duo had noticeably pulled back on the swag and dick jokes which made such a splash on RTJ2, instead choosing a more subdued, electronic approach to their beats, as well as a clearly stronger political approach in their lyrics. This change in sound and style is demonstrated in the album cover’s artwork. The first two records featured the distinctive RTJ “Pistol and Fist”, with the fist tightly gripping a chain. The chain, in my opinion, represents the swag and braggadocio that drove the aggressive nature of their first two albums. In RTJ3 the chain is removed, leaving only hands that have transformed from bleeding and bandaged, to a pristine gold.
This brings us to early 2020. It’s been nearly 4 years of living in a post-Trump America, and El-P announces that Run The Jewels fourth record has been completed. Mike and El live-stream the first single “yankee and the brave” on Instagram on March 22nd, 2020. Lyrically and sonically, RTJ4 exists as the successor to Run The Jewels 3, with Mike and El again taking the good from their previous effort and launching it into the creative stratosphere. El-P’s beats are again leaning towards the synthetic, electronic side, this time with the intensity dialed all the way up to 11. From a lyrical perspective, RTJ takes the politically-charged lyrics from their predecessor, and again, up the ante, laying down some of the hardest hitting and politically poignant bars either of these two have ever spit.
Album Review
2020 was a year that none of us will soon forget. An unprecedented global health crisis kept the majority of us inside for months at a time. RTJ4 was announced on May 12th, 2020, with a release date slated for June 5th, 2020. However, with 2020 as the gift that won’t stop giving, the end of May was highlighted by the unjust killing of George Floyd. The phrase heard around the world, “I can’t breathe” instantly became a rally-cry for the oppressed to finally take to the streets to demand systemic police reform, as Floyd’s death was not the first time this phrase was uttered in an unjust police killing. In fact, a 2020 study by the New York Times showed that at least 70 people have died in police custody after using the same phrase over the past decade. As millions of American’s began organizing protests and demonstrations in the wake of Floyd’s death, Run The Jewels made the decision to release their latest chapter two days ahead of the scheduled release. El-P tweeted, just minutes ahead of the drop, “Fuck it, why wait. The world is infested with bullshit, so here’s something raw to listen to while you deal with it all. We hope it brings you some joy. Stay safe and hopeful out there and thank you for giving 2 friends the chance to be heard and do what they love”. In line with all past Run The Jewels releases, the album was made available for free digital download, two days ahead of its scheduled release date, on June 3rd, 2020.
THE RETURN (we don’t mean no harm but we truly mean all the disrespect)
RTJ4 opens with the first single, “yankee and the brave (ep. 4)”. Using the team names from their respective hometown baseball teams, Mike and El use the opening track to prove that they’re not just a hip-hop duo, they’re brothers, for better or worse. El-P kicks this installment off with rapid-fire, machine-gun esque snares, matching Killer Mike’s aggressive flow and tightly packed rhymes, before El jumps in to trade some dense rhymes as well. Mike and El depict themselves as outlaws, with Mike surrounded by cops with only one bullet remaining. He contemplates suicide instead of allowing the police to take him alive, until El-P jumps back in, offering Mike a way out, with a getaway car waiting outside. This tense situation is depicted lightheartedly in this song’s music video, which was released via Adult Swim and features the duo animated.
The trade-off between Mike and El’s short verses are reminiscent of late-80’s EPMD flows, while the production sounds like boom-bap that’s been sent to us from the future. This distinctive blend of old-school rap roots and forward thinking production is what continues to separate Run The Jewels from absolutely all of their contemporaries. While so many artists are continually playing catch-up with the latest trends, RTJ are side-stepping the trendy and moving forward with the mind-bending.
FLEXIN’ (ayo one for mayhem, two for mischief)
The second single “ooh la la” samples a Gang Star track "DWYCK (feat. Nice & Smooth)" as the basis for the chorus. I say “samples” as that’s how it is credited in the album’s liner notes, however it’s truly an interpolation of Greg Nice’s bar, slowed down slightly, and sung by El-P and Greg Nice himself. El-P is a true old-head at heart, and it’s abundantly obvious in his work, even going as far as to recruit legendary producer DJ Premiere to handle the scratching on the back end of this banger.
Out of key piano chords are looped to quickly create an unsettling aura surrounding the track, before El-P’s voice cuts through the infectious piano like a whip. Pounding, up-tempo drums are introduced after the chorus’ first iteration, creating what is possibly El-P’s first danceable beat. Lyrically, Mike and El-P initially seem scattered on this track, however the music video quickly makes their point very obvious.

”we imagined the world on the day that the age old struggle of class was finally over. a day that humanity, empathy and community were victorious over the forces that would separate us based on arbitrary systems created by man.
this video is a fantasy of waking up on a day that there is no monetary system, no dividing line, no false construct to tell our fellow man that they are less or more than anyone else. not that people are without but that the whole meaning of money has vanished. that we have somehow solved our self created caste system and can now start fresh with love, hope and celebration. its a dream of humanity’s V-DAY… and the party we know would pop off.”

The video envisions a society celebrating the fact that the class system we currently exist within has finally imploded. Money is worthless, and we have rejected the desire to bind ourselves to the constraints of capitalism. All creeds and colors unite to burn the system that has so effectively controlled us for over a century. It’s a party, and if there was a song to celebrate the end of the world as it is currently known, “ooh la la” is that song.
Mike’s last verse features a few metaphors and comparisons celebrating the destruction of capitalism, saving the most poignant for last:

I used to love Bruce, but livin' my vida loca
Helped me understand I'm probably more of a Joker
When we usher in chaos, just know that we did it smiling
Cannibals on this island, inmates run the asylum

Premo’s expertly cut scratches lead us into the equally hard hitting sample flip of “Misdemeanor”, by Foster Stevens as the basis for the beat to “out of sight”. Lending yet another nod to the old-school greats that laid the foundation for RTJ, “out of sight” samples the same track as The D.O.C.’s “It’s Funky Enough”, only adding a bouncy, electronic synth atop the inverted chord hits, and uptempo, industrial drums, to create an absolutely infectious groove for Mike and El’s dynamic chemistry to shine, rapidly jumping between each other’s two line flows in the first verse.
“out of sight” shows each MC providing insight into how each of them earned a living and achieved their current status. Mike and El’s opening verse each details themselves robbing people in order to eat. El alludes to the fact that he crossed his accomplices in crime for the whole bag, while Mike details the fact his assailant tells him it’s an “honor” to be robbed by his mother’s only son.
While El-P’s production is the obvious stand out on first listen, Killer Mike comes through with one of the most sonically pleasing and technically proficient verses of 2020.

We the motivating, devastating, captivating
Ghost and Rae relating product of the fuckin' '80s
Coke dealin' babies, never regulating, bag accumulating
It would not be overstating to say they are underrating
The pride of Brooklyn and the Grady, baby
We don't need no compliments or confidence
Our attitude and latitude is "fuck you, pay me"

The dense, intricate rhyme schemes smack you in the face, almost distracting you from Mike’s delivery and blistering flow on the verse; flexing his legendary status while paying homage to his drug-dealing past. This absolutely stunning display of technical skill, story telling, and complex rhyming illustrates how RTJ seamlessly integrates the best of both old school and new school hip-hop.
“out of sight” also features a guest verse from 2 Chainz, and he continues to lay the braggadocio on thick. Considering Tity Boi’s dedication to trap stylings, his verse feels right at home on the flex track, despite it’s late 80’s tribute sample, a considerable departure from his usual sound palette.
Up until this point, I haven’t mentioned any of the El-P’s lyrics specifically. El-P is a great rapper, but Killer Mike… Well, Killer Mike is an incredible rapper. He’s the guy who draws you in. El-P is the one who lays the foundation for greatness and Mike is the show stopper, and that’s generally the case for most RTJ tracks. But on “holy calamafuck”, El-P seems determined to make people stop and ask, “Who the fuck is this?!”.
A sharp, yet nearly minimalistic drum kit backing a heavily distorted synthesizer melody lays beneath rhymically knocking cow-bells. This aggressively set stage allows Mike and El to flex as the dynamic duo they are, until the beat suddenly takes a turn for the chaotic. A gnarled, ultra-menacing synth overtakes everything while Mike screams into the abyss, until a distorted snare, enormous 808s, and skeletal hi-hats cut through and launch the beat switch into another dimension. The minimal, yet incredibly dark soundscape allows El-P to snap in a way I have never heard from him previously. His rhymes schemes are reminiscent of an old MF DOOM lyric notebook, while his topics flawlessly combine flexing, psychedelic use, and his well-cemented legacy in the hip-hop community. Cutting and pasting a few of his bars into this review could not convey a fraction of how stunning El-P’s performance on “holy calamafuck” is.
Slightly later in the track list, making liberal use of the Ether song “Gang of Four”, “the ground below” samples and loops the sharp guitar riff and adds aggressive, pounding drums as the basis for the beat; this is finally reminiscent of the forward-thinking, stridulous production El-P has built his reputation on. Capitalising on the classic RTJ moment, Mike and El both flex in their own unique ways. Mike compares himself to Godzilla taking on Tokyo, and El-P demands respect for his name as the legend he is, threatening to smack dying children for mispronouncing his name with his middle finger to the world; his complete disregard for human life and confidence in his abilities are summed up at the end of his verse.

You see a future where Run the Jewels ain’t the shit
Cancel my Hitler-killing trip
Turn the time machine back around a century

SO¢IAL JU$T-ICE (until my voice go from a shriek to whisper...)
While the first few tracks aren’t without their social and political themes, the back-end of RTJ4 is where Mike and El start to bust out the heavy topics. “goonies vs. E.T.”. starts off light, with El-P pointing to the irony of how once he finally started to make it “big” in the industry, the world began to descend into chaos due to climate changes, increasingly obvious social injustice, and political madness. He culminates his frustration with our disregard for the Earth with a fantastic quotable.

Fuck y’all got, another planet on stash?
Far from the fact of the flames and our trash
That is not snow, it is ash, and you gotta know
The past got a wrath, it’s a lover gone mad

Mike’s verse takes the light-hearted frustration expressed by El-P, and turns the aggression to the next level. Aiming his sights against the ruling class and their society that’s been designed to oppress people for profit, who have very meticulously painted themselves as celebrities and idols to the American public. Mike accepts that he will be villainized by these people for speaking against them, but he welcomes the nefarious role, knowing that the working class will eventually eat the rich, no matter how much they are stomped into the dirt.
And this is just the warmup.
If it’s possible for a song to represent a moment in time that captures the absolute shit storm that has been 2020, “walking in the snow” is that song. It’s release coincided perfectly with the protests for George Floyd which were sweeping the nation. Killer Mike’s verse directly references the phrase “I can’t breathe”, the last words of Eric Garner, which also happened to be the last words of Floyd as well. The fact that this verse was reportedly written in November 2019 perpetually underscores the importance of the content and perfectly represents how persistent this problem is. “walking in the snow” is a true encapsulation of both a defining moment in time and an ever-persisting issue.
But he doesn’t just stop at the racial injustice. Mike goes on an absolute rant about the American education system; how it’s not designed to teach people, but to discriminate against poor populations, limiting their legitimate opportunities, and therefore disproportionately leading them into a criminal lifestyle. He calls out the media as fear-mongers, and the apathy of the American public in the face of indecency. Fortunately for Mike, by the time we finally had the chance to hear this masterpiece, we were already on our feet, using this album as a war cry to mobilize against a tyrannical government that militarized against its own citizens simply for asking that we recognize systemic racism and demanding change. Killer Mike has the best verse of the year, no doubt in my mind.
The only drawback is that Mike’s verse is so fucking good that it completely overshadows El-P’s, which is also amazing. A menacing guitar riff and haunting synths kick the track off into a bouncy groove, where El-P unleashes a flurry of internal rhymes that does not relent for about half his verse. Even adding layers of social commentary within the densely packed bars, El refuses to quit and continues on his political tirade; criticizing ICE’s detainment center practices and the “pseudo-Christians” who support them, with a bar that now lives in my head:

Pseudo-Christians, y’all indifferent, kids in prison ain’t a sin? Shit
if even one scrap of what Jesus taught connected you’d feel different
what a disingenuous way to piss away existence, I don’t get it
I’d say you lost your goddamn minds if y’all possessed one to begin with

The combination of two of the best verses spit by any rapper(s) this year and production help from El-P and long time RTJ collaborator Little Shalimar, create a bouncy, aggressive, deeply truthful banger. “walking in the snow” not only encapsulates the crux of 2020 with lyrics that will become more powerful as they age, but will also forever be associated with the Black Lives Matter movement and the determination to expose continuing racial and societal injustices.
The sonic palette of RTJ4 holds an extremely unique place in El-P’s discography. Jamie is the definition of a self-made 90’s hip-hop legend. This is the dude who put New York underground hip-hop on the map with Company Flow, and he did it with his unique flavor of dark, noisy, dense, boom-bap. Whether he was doing it with the help of Rawkus, or completely independently during his Definitive Jux run, El-P has never made music with the intention of becoming famous. Funcrusher Plus, Fantastic Damage,I’ll Sleep When You’re Dead, and Cancer 4 Cure are all highly revered as industrial, technical, abrasive, and completely unsuitable for the radio or a party. The fact that three songs on RTJ4 could easily be heard on the radio, at a party, or in a TV series credits scene is frankly, astounding. In a 2002 interview/documentary on El-P’s budding record label Def Jux, he stated that his friend bet him $500 that he could not make a beat that was “happy”. At the time of the interview, El-P said that he had not won that bet yet. While I might not qualify the beats on RTJ4 as “happy”, if you showed El-P the beat for “JU$T” in 2002, I believe he might have won that bet.
Pharell opens “JU$T” with the pre-chorus, spitting varied examples of how we’re all slaves to our current system throughout the track, over echoing snares and bouncy 808s before bright synth chords and up-tempo hi-hats burst in while Killer Mike delivers the chorus, pointing to the fact that the majority of the people featured on American currency owned slaves at one point in their lives. Mike’s verse touches on the fact that he has committed crimes to get where they are today. Mike is publicly open about his past as a drug dealer. So why is he a criminal, but Benjamin Franklin isn’t? These are the people who built our country, and they built it on the backs of slaves. He illustrates this theme with a more recent examples:

You believe corporations runnin marijuana? Ooh (how that happen?)
and your country gettin ran by a casino owner (ooh)
pedophiles sponsor all these fuckin’ racist bastards (they do)

When corporations are able to sell cannabis legally, but the government continually incarcerates people who trap, our president is a notoriously fraudulent businessman, and the people who helped put him in power run a pedophile ring, yet none of them face consequences and are allowed to continue to profit and remain in power while people suffer; well, we might be closer to slaves than previously imagined.
Rage Against The Machine frontman Zach de la Rocha also makes his mandatory feature appearance at the end of “JU$T”. As the only artist to feature on three Run The Jewels albums, Zach is essentially an unofficial member of the group at this point. His fiery verse is spit with the same “Rage” energy that set him apart in the mid-90’s, ending the track questioning his place in a capitalist society as a recipe for his inevitable demise, since his “breath”, or art, as his weapon to express himself is still being exploited for other’s profit.
Continuing with RTJ4’s heavily synthetic sonic palette, “never look back” features wavering synth leads resting above the slow-jams snappy snares and thumping bass, while a haunting voice echoes in the background. This unsettling aura provides additional gravity for Jamie and Mike to continue self-reflecting on defining moments in their childhood, and as well as how far they’ve come from those moments. Mike and El are both self-made men, and while they have a certain fondness for those gritty moments that defined them, moving forward in life is undoubtedly more important.
Skeletal drums reminiscent of a slowly pounding heart opens “pulling the pin”, before rhythmic hi-hats and textured, watery synths fluttering in the upper register resting above a bouncy synth lead, and punchy 808s, burst in. The track digs itself into a slower, marching groove and shows the duo figuratively doing exactly what the title implies. Painting a portrait of a society that has turned on itself, Mike and El are ready to pull the pin and start over.
The duo both detail their despise for the ruling class, pointing out multiple examples of how the elite have designed our society to keep poor people in their class. Simultaneously recognizing their own hypocrisy for profiting in a system that inherently discriminates; Mike reflects on his own success, knowing that living the lifestyle he enjoys is one built on oppression, and expresses the guilt that has caused him. El-P opens with a brutal metaphor for police, implying that they’re the root cause of the “wretched state of danger” our society exists within, and that the only effective corrective action is to numb yourself with drugs. Despite his advice, Jamie knows this is not a permanent solution, but one that causes more self-inflicted wounds.
The final piece of the puzzle that is RTJ4, “a few words for the firing squad” begins to close the album with ever crescending strings, and loud, thunderous drums which never seem to resolve, continuing throughout their verses. While the drums that lead to nowhere can be sonically unpleasant, the unresolved melodies are intentionally representative of their current mindsets. Their verses are reflective and grim, but simultaneously optimistic and envisions a world where tragedy is a less common occurrence.
El is grateful for what he has now but recognizes his entire life has been skewed by traumas, so out of place feels normal for him. He reflects on his current success, noting that the worst people tend to end up with the most, which makes becoming “rich” something not as desirable as it once was.
Mike opens up about the death of his mother who died while he was on an airplane, admitting his struggles to not cope with his trauma with opioids. However, his wife provides him the most important reason to stay clean “but my queen/say she need a king/not another junkie rapper fiend” while a heartbreaking saxophone solo highlights the gravity of his lyrics.
The track ends with what sounds the like wrap-up voiceover to a TV show, a conceptually satisfying ending, as the opening track “yankee and brave (ep.4)” began with El-P stating:

”This week, on Yankee and The Brave”

This voiceover paints the duo as brothers on the run from the law and crooked cops, and while this does close this “episode” out as intended, the critic in me is bothered by the slightly kitschy outro to such a spectacular album. The voices singing over and over, “Brave, brave, braaaaaave, Yankee and the Brave” would be, simply put, better left on the cutting room floor. The ending of this track alone is what knocks my score of this album down a few points. Despite its stellar lyrical content, with drums that never seem to reach that “holy shit!” moment, and the easily skippable outro, it’s upsetting to me that an album this great ends on such a low note.
Overview
RTJ4 is by far my favorite album of the year. El-P’s cutting edge approach to their sound, blended with lyrical content that continues to be more relevant by the day, the duo have come together with what is objectively their most accessible album to date. RTJ4 is the natural evolution of sound and subject matter for the duo; taking the foundation set by Run The Jewels 3 and evolving it into a more concise, more accessible, and more conceptual album. While I still personally prefer the “fuck the world” intensity and experimental nature of Run The Jewels 2, RTJ4 opens themselves up to a whole new world of exposure, and when you’re as talented as these two, you know they’re going to capitalize on it. RTJ is currently at their apex, and they’ve created an album that will make many new life-long fans going forward.
9.2/10
Discussion Points

• How does this compare to other RTJ releases? How about in comparison to the member’s solo works?
  
• Does the overwhelmingly positive critical reception of this album surprise you?
  
• How will this be looked back on in 5 years?
  
• What are your favorite lyrics?
  

Hi all,
I thought I would share my profits for Matched Betting Extra Place Horse Racing for Jan 21. January 2021 has turned into my best month of Matched Betting since I started way back in Summer 2018. This months profits are roughly £4,707. A life changing figure for many and a great figure seeing this is achievable on top of a full time job. Matched Betting is the only decent side hustle I have actually found, compared to doing hundreds of boring online surveys...yuck! (Unless you are a good business person / have 5 lodgers / lots of family money etc.) To see some of my other Matched Betting profits you visit my site: https://cashontheside.co.uk/
I will be investing some of my profits this month in ETF/Shares and putting into house improvements like a new drive way. In addition with Cheltenham horse festival coming up in March, I will be increasing my bank to cover liabilities.
The bulk of my profits came from Extra Place racing, large underlayed winners and BOG (best offer garuntee). Variance was certainly on my side this month and I must have had at least 10 large winners which won upwards of £1600 pounds per bet. As I underlay my bets I made more profit than If I had fully layed of the bets. About 5% of these profits came from low risk casino. After you have completed all welcome offers...in Matched Betting. Ep's become a gold mine...and I truly recommend them to anyone.
Some more of my bets this month illustrating underlayed bets and ep:
https://cashonthesidecouk.files.wordpress.com/2021/02/winnings4.jpg
https://cashonthesidecouk.files.wordpress.com/2021/02/winnings.jpg
https://cashonthesidecouk.files.wordpress.com/2021/02/another-winner.jpg
​
Images of one of my bets illustrative of Best offer guarantee: https://cashonthesidecouk.files.wordpress.com/2021/01/136707133_10159536662702922_8507610622687908137_o-1.jpg?w=544
For those who are starting out on their Match Betting journey in 2021 these sort of figures are achievable to you once you have experience….unfortunately this will not come overnight! I do put a lot of time into it..between 2-5 hours a day, 7 days a week sometimes. For the average person you could earn at least £500 a month.
To learn more about Match Betting please visit my article Boost Your Income with Matched Betting. Alternatively you can start an Odds Monkey free trial where they will teach you step by step and give you the calculators you need: odds monkey trial https://www.oddsmonkey.com/affiliates/affiliate.php?id=64754(affiliate) or www.oddsmonkey.com. (non affiliate)
To those with a little more experience who want to learn about Matched Betting Extra Places you can visit my guide here Extra Place Match Betting tips here or I have copied and pasted it all below.
For those with Matched Betting Experience - my guide and tips to Extra Places:
What is Extra Place Matched Betting?
Extra Places can be a very lucrative technique to learn. Extra Places are available for us to do pretty much every day, increasing the appeal. Extra Place Offers are available to all customers. This means that even if you get gubbed with a bookmaker, in most cases, you can still make money with them by Matched Betting on their Extra Place Offers.
Extra Places are considered an advanced reload offer, as they not risk-free. However once you have gained some experience on more basic horse racing offers, you can start to take advantage of the lucrative profits available. It may sound complicated but as soon as it ‘clicks’, it becomes simple. Essentially we are taking advantage of the bookies and exchanges paying out if the horse you have backed comes a certain ‘place’ in a race e.g. 4th.
Extra Places combined with additional offers such as BOG (Best Offer Guarantee) can mean additional profits. For example, you back a horse at odds of 15 and then the starting odds move up to 23. If that horse wins you win an extra x8 on your bet. You can see some real life scenarios I found of Extra Place combined with BOG below. Depending on the size of the underlay, profits below would range up to £3,000+

What is a ‘place’ in horse racing?

Quite simply a ‘place’ is the position the horse finishes a race in. For example if a horse wins a race it comes 1st, if a horse comes 2nd its 2nd. In some races with a large number of horses some bookies will pay out if a horse finishes the race in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th position. Horse Racing festivals such as Cheltenham or Ascot are particularly well known for this.

What is an ‘Extra Place’ in horse racing?

Now we’ve understood what a place is in horse racing you may have probably already guessed what an ‘extra place’ is going to be! An ‘extra place’ is where the bookies add one (or more) additional places to their standard place classification on a particular race. For example they may offer to ‘pay 7 places on a race’ instead of the standard 3 places. The ‘extra place’ in this instance cover 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th.
What are my Extra Place top tips?

1. Some of my biggest profits have come from big underlayed winners and BOG. I typically underlay most of my bets by about 20% sometimes more. If you are starting out I would underlay on the place only by about 10% to play it safe until you learn more.
2. Don’t bet on more places than a bookmaker is offering. E.g. If the bookmaker is offering 4 places don’t bet on more than that.
3. Whilst your learning, take horses on implied odds of at least 12 or more on a match of 80%+.
4. Look to keep qualifying losses down. E.g. for £100 profit, £5 ql.
5. Please note, the best odds are typically found between 10 minutes up and to race time. You have to be quick on your ‘toes’…learn to walk before you run etc. Start out on easy horse racing officers before doing extra places.
6. You will need a bank of at least £1000+ for your exchanges, ideally more. The more you have the more of the field you can cover. You can do EP with several hundred in your exchange but you won’t be able to make bigger profits.
7. Be consistent, don’t take risks, don’t chase your losses and learn from matched betting extra place forums.
8. Keep the Odds Monkey up throughout the day...and check for good matches.
9. Use Bookies Boosts to increase your odds and matches.
10. Do not give in to your fear of missing out on offers…Tomorrow is another day.
11. Have at least a dual monitoscreen setup. It is important to be able to see exchange, books and calcs.

How do I find Extra Places offers?
I use the the Odds Monkey Extra Place Matcher to find the best opportunities for profit. The Matcher is explained in the below video.
https://youtu.be/oOKAdiSJidg
I am also a regular visitor of the active Odds Monkey community forums. You can sign up for an Odds Monkey free trial today here today https://www.oddsmonkey.com/affiliates/affiliate.php?id=64754 www.oddsmonkey.com (non affiliate). Odds Monkey provide you with the all guides, calculators etc. I have been a member for over 2.4 years now.
Feel free to get in touch or ask below if any questions.

To start, this should be a single player game. If Bethesda/Obsidian/MS can make it so I can play with 1 or 2 friends, I want that but understand it's not that simple.
So why it should be picked:
First, NY has an amazing history when it comes to Pre-Revolution, Revolution, the Civil War, and beyond. Major events like the battle at Saratoga (which is considered the turning point of the Revolution), the 1980 Miracle on Ice, and Woodstock (along with a whole lot more) all took place in upstate NY. So the rich history of the area is ripe for pro American stylizing and propaganda that gives FO it's unique take on American Atom-punk.
That along with more modern history of things like the Native Americans (The Oneidas) actually taking back their land and forming their own sovereign nation (basically they have their own gov. Pay no state taxes, and self govern with police, fire, and allow gambling which NY does not). So their modern government would not only be some great lore, but I honestly believe could be a basis for the main quest line. Things like their unique tribal leadership, philosophy, and gambling (hello 10 luck) could bring a very grey area to fallout that was kind of missed in FO3 + 4. Plus their mythology would make for a great weird scene that fallout has at least 1 of every game.
Also, for those who don't know, upstate NY is very country with major cities pocketed about. (Utica, Albany, Syracuse, etc). So if you liked NV style of wandering the wastes, or 3s style of city wandering, we've got both. Also, we've got two mountains areas, one in the Adirondacks and the Catskills are the other.
That said, one of the most important parts of fallout are the locations. Where can we go? For that I have a list:
Major locations:
Lake Placid Winter Olympics training facility - the winter olympics world be held in 2078 and if they still exist by then and to play into the game, LP could be the location of those games. Again, the miracle on ice where American Amateurs bested the Communist Russian Pros, was held there. The "Better dead than Red" sentiment would be full force. Not to mention one of a few great locations for a possible vault (80, in this case to house winter olympians). Plus, the weapons could be cool too. Hockey sticks, hockey skate blades on gloves, a goalie mask for armor, you name it.
Cooperstown Baseball HOF - Now when you think Americana, Baseball is one of your first thoughts, don't lie. Cooperstown is baseball central and very pretty. Another great place for pro-american styles and fun gear like baseball base mines, softball helmets (because fuck you "A League of Their Own" style pro-baseball league in FO sounds awesome), and of course bats and baseball grenades. Also a baseball Vault (Vault 4, 5, 7, or 9). Not my idea, but in this vault, there's 32 teams of mens and 32 teams of womens baseball (or coed teams, idk), all of whom are pro players. Vault tec test is simple, winner gets food and drinks, loser gets steroid infused food and drink (but they don't know it has steroids obviously). The idea is, test how good at baseball people can be if given monster amounts of steroids for generations. I'll make a separate post about this in detail if desired.
Canastota Boxing HOF - Another unique area for America. Canastota is pretty boring and empty, but for those of you old enough to remember Rocky when it came out, it basically revived Boxing as a major sport and also had a moment where America bested the Red Menace (Rocky IV). Maybe a spot for a vault or to learn unique unarmed moves. Pugilism Illustrated anyone?
Albany - NYs capital and an easy big city area along the Hudson. A great location for corporate greed, governmental corruption, and side quests. Can't say it'll be the focal point of the game since its very near the eastern border of it, but a good location for exploring and lore.
Buffalo/Niagara Falls - Ya ever gone over the falls in a barrel? Do ya want to? I think using Niagara Falls (which has an American and Canadian side, Canadas is the U-shaped famous one) as Fallouts first "Non-American" location would be fun. First, the falls are beautiful and are a major source of hydroelectric power. Second, in FO, America annexed canada, so it's technically still America! Third, right across the "border" are casinos! More gambling! Third and a half, it's another big city and buffalo is where the buffalo wing was invented (God bless buffalo wings). Besides the cool lore opportunity about the annexation and the city location, the falls could be a major location for the story if the main conflict was about powering the area, similar to NV.
Syracuse - NYs (literal) center city. The Salt City as it was formally known is a big city with some great old and new style. Again, not much about the city to say, but a great opportunity for corporate BS. The main attraction would be the Syracuse Dome (formerly the Carrier Dome). Due to its location and style, it's perfect as a central trading hub for the major cities and people. Think of Great Green Jewel style, people living, bars, shops, etc. BUT the really interesting part is what's right next to the Dome. SUNY ESF (Environmental Science and Forestry). This college is special because (A. I went there) it has very unique programs and with some future tech thrown in, could be a great location for a Fallout 3 Harold or NV vault 22-esq quest. The college already does experiments with major chemicals, evolution (FEV anyone?) and breeding plants for unique purposes. Again, I have a really cool idea for this area, but that can be a different post. Fun fact, ESF is actually working to bring back the North America Chestnut that went (nearly) extinct! Also, some asshole releases the fruit flies the genetics lab work with every year and it sucks.
NYC (Empire, 9/11 memorial, Statue of Liberty) - Yeah yeah, you can't have NY without the City, but frankly there's so much here to explore and deal with, I'd leave it to the pros to really do it justice.
Turning Stone Casino - Gambling, a hotel/restaurants like in NV, and a good spot for the main quest line.
Fort Stanwix - A real revolutionary war fort. HQ or major area for raiders. Safe, well protected and with plenty of history.
Fort Drum and Griffis Air Force Base: Two major bases that could be packed with guns, nukes, and power armor. Heavily guarded by turrets, robots, and security gates.
Main Quest:
Without too much detail, I figure your character will be hired to figure out the future of NY.
You'll be brought to the Turning Stone which is currently the HQ of the Oneida tribe. Your job would be to either work with the other tribes in the former Iroquois Confederation (Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk, and Tuscarora [added later]). (Quick note: in my AU, some time after the bombs fell, the IC came to power because of their knowledge of living off the land and attempted to rebuild society. After some time rebuilding and establishing a post-war society, the tribes do the thing all humans do and bicker. Around 2200 the IC broke apart but the tribes retained power in their areas. They fight, trade, yadda yadda but no one is in control of everything.
Throughout your quest, it turns out that what is holding everyone back is a lack of power for things like lights and running water. Your job will be to determine where to get that power (Nuclear power plant in Oswego or the falls in Niagara?) And where to give it (one tribe? A few? Or all?). But that's not all, the tribes can't decide who should be in charge. One tribe wants to remain independent, don't help the outsiders and rebuild society in their image within NY, another wants to help others but would need to sacrifice their own people's safety and seclusion. Maybe another wants to be imperialist and expand their borders throughout America through way of force and fear while another agrees with taking land but wants it done through offers of protection for taxes. And each tribe has its own opinion on bringing the IC back together, staying separate, or taking over the tribes for themselves.
It's up to you character to decide who to help. Do you work hard to try and bring all tribes together under one banner or choose a side and execute their will as a paid mercenary/ambassador?
Other choices would be chaos by siding with raiders, or maybe a BOS path to take out all the tribes, idk, haven't thought it all out. Again, not a writer.
Mechanics:
So personally, I like the idea that if you choose to go with a single faction, there would a battle/war mechanic where you and an army (or alone if you really wanna try) take over and lay claim to areas similar to Nuka World where you fly the gangs flag. Nothing complicated, normal fallout fights, don't die and kill the leadehis troops to win.
Karma is back. You will garner good or bad rep with each tribe depending on what you do. I'd like an armor system like in NV but I can live without it.
There is an ending. Once you beat the game you can continue doing side quests for armoexperience/ammo but only for the tribes left in power. Occasional rebellions will rise up as random events that need to be put down.
Settlements are limited. Like skyrim, but a plot and build. No need to build one everywhere and you don't even need to do it if you don't want to.
Radio host? Gimme a Mr. New Vegas type guy. I don't want an eccentric 3-dog, I want a smoothed voiced person wishing me lady like luck.
Also, smarter AI.
Otherwise, typical FO mechanics. Weapons degrade, can upgrade weapons and armor, etc.
Main problems with NY:
No real borders to the south. Invisible walls would like be necessary which is stupid. Same to the East, but the Hudson could theoretically be used as a border if you put crazy strong mirelurks or something to kill the player if they tried to cross (or more invisible walls)
Don't want to disrespect the tribes. This is an issue with using each tribe as a possible faction. You're bound to piss off or disrespect one. So it'll be a task to make sure it's as limited as possible.
What to do with the city? It's a huge area that can be used for so much, but as a part of NY it's actually pretty seperated. It's a commercial hub now, but there's nothing there that would really be a reason to go down there. So do you make it one or do we just make it a glowing sea type area that's completely decimated from the bombs? That's my personal choice honestly, but it's a tough one to please as many as possible.
Conclusion: NY is rad.
I'll be taking questions as long as they do not involve Canadian trivia. Thank you.

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87. AWS Certified Solutions Architect Official Study Guide: Associate Exam: Joe Baron & Hisham Baz & Tim Bixler & Biff Gaut & Kevin E. Kelly & Sean Senior & John Stamper
88. Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical), 13th Edition: Janice L. Hinkle & Kerry H. Cheever
89. Budgets and Financial Management in Higher Education:Margaret J. Barr & George S. McClellan
90. The Children of Eve: Population and Well-being in History: Louis P. Cain & Donald G. Paterson
91. PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICS, 6th Edition: ROBERT H. FRANK, BEN S. BERNANKE, KATE ANTONOVICS, ORI HEFFETZ , PER J. NORANDER
92. Research Methods in Psychology: Evaluating a World of Information, 2nd Edition: Beth Morling
93. The Practice of Statistics in the Life Sciences, 3rd Edition: Brigitte Baldi & David S. Moore
94. International Trade, 3rd Edition: Robert C. Feenstra & Alan M. Taylor
95. The Human Record: Sources of Global History, Volume I: To 1500, 7th Edition: Alfred J. Andrea & James H. Overfield
96. Guide to Presentations, 4th Edition: Lynn Russell & Mary M. Munter
97. The Human Services Internship, 4th Edition: Getting the Most from Your Experience: Pamela Myers Kiser
98. Corporate Finance, 4th Edition: Core Principles and Applications (McGraw-Hill/Irwin Series in Finance, Insurance, and Real Est): Ross
99. Exploring Microsoft Office Excel 2016 Comprehensive (Exploring for Office 2016 Series): Mary Anne Poatsy & Keith Mulbery & Jason Davidson & Robert Grauer
100. Introduction to Geographic Information Systems, 8th Edition: Kang-tsung Chang
101. Stats: Data and Models, Global 4 Edition: Richard D. De Veaux & Paul Velleman & David E. Bock
102. Law Express: International Law, 2nd Edition: Stephen Allen
103. Principles of International Economic Law, 2nd Edition: Matthias Herdegen
104. M&F (New, Engaging Titles from 4LTR Press), Student Edition 3: David Knox
105. International Trade: Theory and Policy, 10th Global Edition: Paul Krugman & Maurice Obstfeld & Marc Melitz
106. Differential Equations as Models in Science and Engineering: Gregory Baker
107. Adobe After Effects CC Classroom in a Book (2014 release): Andrew Faulkner & Brie Gyncild
108. Principles of Evaluation and Research for Health Care Programs: Karen (Kay) M. Perrin
109. Communicating for Results: A Guide for Business and the Professions, 10th Edition: Cheryl Hamilton
110. Fundamentals of Financial Management, Concise 9th Edition: Eugene F. Brigham & Joel F. Houston
111. The Fundamental 5: The Formula for Quality Instruction: Sean Cain & Mike Laird
112. Basic Environmental Technology: Water Supply, Waste Management, and Pollution Control: Water Supply, Waste Management and Pollution Control, 6th Edition: Jerry A. Nathanson M.S. P.E. & Richard A. Schneider M.S. P.E.
113. Introduction to Natural Language Semantics (Center for the Study of Language and Information - Lecture Notes): Henriette de Swart
114. Cracking the SAT Premium Edition with 6 Practice Tests, 2017: The All-in-One Solution for Your Highest Possible Score (College Test Preparation): Princeton Review
115. Autodesk Revit Architecture 2016 for Architects and Designers, 12th Edition: Prof. Sham Tickoo Purdue Univ. & CADCIM Technologies
116. Critical Concepts: An Introduction to Politics, 5th Edition: Janine Brodie & Sandra Rein & Malinda S. Smith
117. Shelly Cashman Series Microsoft Office 365 & Outlook 2016: Intermediate: Corinne Hoisington
118. Differential Equations: Computing and Modeling (Edwards/Penney/Calvis Differential Equations), 5th Edition: C. Henry Edwards & David E. Penney & David Calvis
119. Effective Teaching Methods: Research-Based Practice (What's New in Curriculum & Instruction), 9th Edition: Gary D. Borich
120. Exploring Economics, 7th Edition: Robert L. Sexton
121. Maternal-Child Nursing, 4th Edition: Emily Slone McKinney & Susan R. James & Sharon Smith Murray & Kristine Nelson & Jean Ashwill
122. Foundations of Financial Management, 16th Edition: Stanley Block
123. Understanding Art, 11th Edition: Lois Fichner-Rathus
124. College Algebra with Modeling & Visualization, 5th Edition: Gary K. Rockswold
125. Landmarks in Humanities, 4th Edition: Gloria Fiero
126. The World of Music, 7th Edition: David Willoughby
127. Managerial Decision Modeling with Spreadsheets: Pearson New 3rd International Edition: Nagraj Balakrishnan & Barry M. Render & Ralph M. Stair
128. America on Film: Representing Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality at the Movies, 2nd Edition: Harry M. Benshoff & Sean Griffin
129. The Business Writer’s Handbook (Business Writer's Handbook), 11th Edition: Gerald J. Alred & Charles T. Brusaw & Walter E. Oliu
130. Behavior Modification in Applied Settings, 7th Edition: Alan E. Kazdin
131. Calculus: Early Transcendentals: Michael Sullivan
132. Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, 12th Edition: Jay Heizer & Barry Render & Chuck Munson
133. Our Social World: Condensed, 4th Edition: Jeanne H. Ballantine & Keith A. Roberts & Kathleen Odell Korgen
134. Mastering ArcGIS, 7th Edition: Maribeth Price
135. Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies, 14th Edition: Frances Sizer & Ellie Whitney
136. Market-Based Management, 6th Edition: Roger J. Best
137. Sociology, 15th Edition: John J. Macionis
138. Microeconomics, 7th Edition: Perloff
139. The Norton Introduction to Literature (Shorter Twelfth Edition): Kelly J. Mays
140. Shelly Cashman Series Microsoft Office 365 & Office 2016: Introductory: Misty E. Vermaat & Steven M. Freund & Corinne Hoisington & Eric Schmieder & Mary Z. Last
141. Thematic Cartography and Geovisualization: Pearson New 3rd International Edition: Terry A. Slocum & Robert B McMaster & Fritz C Kessler & Hugh H Howard
142. Language Files: Materials for an Introduction to Language and Linguistics, 12th Edition: Department of Linguistics
143. Project Management: A Managerial Approach, 8th Edition: Jack R. Meredith & Samuel J. Mantel Jr.
144. Intermediate Accounting, 16th Edition: Donald E. Kieso & Jerry J. Weygandt & Terry D. Warfield
145. Digital Systems, 12th Edition: Ronald Tocci & Neal Widmer & Greg Moss
146. Financial Management: Concepts and Applications: Stephen Foerster
147. Social Problems: A Down to Earth Approach, 11th Edition: James M. Henslin
148. Nutrition Counseling and Education Skill Development, 3rd Edition: Kathleen D. Bauer & Doreen Liou & Carol A. Sokolik
149. Accounting Information Systems, 13th Edition: Marshall B. Romney & Paul J. Steinbart
150. The Bedford Researcher, 5th Edition: Mike Palmquist
151. The Legal and Regulatory Environment of Business, 17th Edition: Marisa Anne Pagnattaro & Daniel R. Cahoy & Julie Manning Magid & O. Lee Reed & Peter J. Shedd
152. Ethical Obligations and Decision-Making in Accounting, 4th Edition: Text and Cases: Steven Mintz
153. Introduction to Solid Modeling Using SolidWorks 2016: William Howard
154. The Art of Public Speaking, 11th Edition: Stephen Lucas
155. The Macro Economy Today, 13th Edition: Bradley R Schiller
156. Social Problems, 6th Edition: John J. Macionis
157. Macroeconomics: Theories and Policies (Pearson Series in Economics (Hardcover) 10th Edition: Richard T Froyen
158. Calculus with Applications, Brief Version, 11th Edition: Margaret L. Lial & Raymond N. Greenwell & Nathan P. Ritchey
159. HIST4, Volume 2: Kevin M. Schultz
160. Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology, 12th Edition: Edward J. Tarbuck & Frederick K. Lutgens & Dennis Tasa
161. Essentials of Oceanography, 12th edition: Alan P. Trujillo & Harold V. Thurman
162. Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences 9th Edition: Frederick J Gravetter
163. Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach, 7th ed.: David H. Barlow, V. Mark Durand
164. Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders (Oxford Psychiatry Library), 2nd Edition: Samar Reghunandanan & Naomi A. Fineberg & Dan J. Stein
165. Swift Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide (Big Nerd Ranch Guides), 2nd Edition: Mathias,Matthew & Gallagher,John
166. Front-End Web Development: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide: Chris Aquino & Todd Gandee
167. iOS Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide (Big Nerd Ranch Guides), 6th Edition: Keur,Christian & Hillegass,Aaron
168. Marketing Communications (Expo), 7th Edition: Chris Fill & Sarah Turnbull
169. U.S.-Chinese Relations, 2nd Edition: Perilous Past, Pragmatic Present: Robert G. Sutter
170. The Economics of Money, Banking and Financial Markets, Global 11th Edition: Frederic S. Mishkin
171. Financial Statement Analysis and Security Valuation, 5h Edition: Stephen H. Penman
172. Applied Linear Regression, 4th Edition: Sanford Weisberg
173. Mastering pfSense: David Zientara
174. Discourse in Context: Contemporary Applied Linguistics Volume 3
175. Virtualization Complete: Business Basic Edition (Proxmox-freeNAS-Zentyal-pfSense): Lee R. Surber
176. The Psychology of Advertising, 2nd Edition: Bob M. Fennis & Wolfgang Stroebe
177. World Politics: Interests, Interactions, Institutions (3rd International Student Edition): Jeffry A. Frieden & David A. Lake & Kenneth A. Schultz
178. Business Law, 13th Edition: Text and Cases
179. Give Me Liberty! An American History, Brief Fourth Edition, Volume One: Eric Foner
180. Management Information Systems, 7th Edition: Ken J. Sousa & Effy Oz
181. Problem Solving Cases In Microsoft Access and Excel, 14th Edition: Ellen Monk & Joseph Brady & Emillio Mendelsohn
182. CFIN (New, Engaging Titles from 4LTR Press): Scott Besley & Eugene Brigham
183. Inventing Arguments, Brief (Inventing Arguments Series), 4th Edition: John Mauk & John Metz
184. Systems Analysis and Design (Shelly Cashman Series), 11th Edition: Scott Tilley & Harry J. Rosenblatt
185. Microsoft Visual Basic 2015 for Windows, Web, Windows Store, and Database Applications: Comprehensive: Corinne Hoisington
186. Marketing: An Introduction, Global 13th Edition: Gary Armstrong & Philip Kotler & Marc Oliver Opresnik
187. Starting Out with Java from Control Structures through Data Structures: From Control Structures through Data Structures, 3rd Edition: Tony Gaddis & Godfrey Muganda
188. The Legal Environment Today (Miller Business Law Today Family), 8th Edition: Roger LeRoy Miller & Frank B. Cross
189. Foundations of American Education (What's New in Foundations / Intro to Teaching), 8th Edition: L. Dean Webb & Arlene Metha
190. Object-Oriented Data Structures Using Java, 4th Edition: Nell Dale & Daniel T. Joyce & Chip Weems
191. Hollywood's America: Understanding History Through Film, 5th Edition: Steven Mintz & Randy W. Roberts & David Welky
192. Discover Sociology, 2nd Edition: William J. Chambliss & Daina S. Eglitis
193. World Regions in Global Context: Peoples, Places, and Environments, 6th Edition: Sallie A. Marston & Paul L. Knox & Diana M. Liverman & Del Casino, Vincent, Jr. & Paul F. Robbins
194. Horngren's Financial & Managerial Accounting, The Managerial Chapters, Global 5th Edition: Tracie L. Miller-Nobles & Brenda L. Mattison & Ella Mae Matsumura
195. Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach to Conducting a Quality Audit, 10th Edition: Karla Johnstone & Audrey Gramling & Larry E. Rittenberg
196. Food Around the World: A Cultural Perspective, 4th Edition: Professor Margaret Emeritus McWilliams Ph.D. R.D.
197. Edexcel AS/A level Business 5th edition Student Book: Dave Hall & Carlo Raffo & Dave Gray & Alain Anderton & Rob Jones
198. The Practice of Qualitative Research: Engaging Students in the Research Process, 3rd Edition: Sharlene Nagy Hesse-Biber
199. Mosby’s Exam Review for Computed Tomography, 2nd Edition: Daniel N. DeMaio
200. Sectional Anatomy for Imaging Professionals, 3rd Edition: Lorrie L. Kelley & Connie Petersen
201. Workbook for Sectional Anatomy for Imaging Professionals, 3rd Edition: Lorrie L. Kelley & Connie Petersen
202. LANGE Review: Computed Tomography Examination: Sharlene M. Snowdon
203. Psychology, 3rd Edition: Daniel L. Schacter & Daniel T. Gilbert & Daniel M. Wegner & Matthew K. Nock
204. Essentials of Investments (The Mcgraw-Hill/Irwin Series in Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate), 10th Edition: Zvi Bodie
205. Management Information Systems for the Information Age, 9th Edition: Stephen Haag & Maeve Cummings
206. Geographic Information Science and Systems, 4th Edition: Paul A. Longley & Michael F. Goodchild & David J. Maguire & David W. Rhind
207. Biochemistry Concepts and Connections: Dean R. Appling
208. Current Issues and Enduring Questions, 10th Edition: Sylvan Barnet & Hugo Bedau
209. Roach's Introductory Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition: Ford, Susan M. & Roach, Sally S.
210. Investment Banking: Valuation, Leveraged Buyouts, and Mergers and Acquisitions (Wiley Finance), 2nd Edition: Joshua Pearl & Joshua Rosenbaum
211. Introduction to Human Factors Engineering: Pearson New International Edition: Christopher D. Wickens & John Lee & Yili D. Liu & Sallie Gordon-Becker
212. Documentation for Rehabilitation: A Guide to Clinical Decision Making in Physical Therapy, 3rd Edition: Lori Quinn & James Gordon
213. Readings to Accompany Experience Humanities Volume 2: Roy Matthews & DeWitt Platt
214. Iceland’s Financial Crisis: The Politics of Blame, Protest, and Reconstruction (Routledge Advances in European Politics): Philippe Urfalino & Irma Erlingsdóttir Valur Ingimundarson
215. Operations Management: An Integrated Approach, 6th Edition: R. Dan Reid & Nada R. Sanders
216. New Perspectives Microsoft Office 365 & Access 2016, Introductory: Mark Shellman & Sasha Vodnik
217. Pharmacology for Nurses: A Pathophysiologic Approach, 5th Edition: Michael Patrick Adams & Norman Holland & Carol Urban
218. The Structure of Argument, Eighth Edition: Annette Rottenberg & Donna Haisty Winchell
219. Getting Noticed: A No-Nonsense Guide to Standing Out and Selling More for Momtrepreneurs Who 'Ain't Got Time for That': Lindsay Teague Moreno
220. Contemporary Logistics, 11th Edition: Paul R. Murphy Jr. & Donald Michael Wood
221. A Survey of Mathematics with Applications, 10th Edition: Allen R. Angel & Christine D. Abbott & Dennis C. Runde
222. The Bedford Handbook, 10th Edition: Hacker. Diana & Nancy Sommers
223. Motor Control: Translating Research into Clinical Practice, 5th Edition: Anne Shumway-Cook & Marjorie H. Woollacott
224. New A-Level Physics: Essential Maths Skills: CGP Books
225. Integrated Advertising, Promotion, and Marketing Communications, Global 7th Edition: Kenneth E. Clow & Donald E Baack
226. Microeconomics: Principles and Policy, 13th Edition: William J. Baumol & Alan S. Blinder
227. Child Development and Education (6th Edition): Teresa M. McDevitt & Jeanne Ellis Ormrod
228. Money, Banking and Financial Markets, 5th Edition: Kermit Cecchettim Stephen; Schoenholtz
229. The Last Dance: Encountering Death and Dying, 10th Edition: Despelder
230. New Products Management, 11th Edition: Crawford
231. Abnormal Psychology, 13th Edition: Ann M. Kring & Sheri L. Johnson & Gerald C. Davison & John M. Neale
232. Shelly Cashman Series Microsoft Office 365 & Access 2016: Intermediate: Philip J. Pratt & Mary Z. Last
233. Critical Issues in Clinical and Health Psychology: Poul Rohleder
234. Gardner's Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective, Volume II: 15th Edition: Fred S. Kleiner
235. Human Anatomy & Physiology: Erin C. Amerman
236. Calculus, 2nd Edition: Bill L Briggs & Lyle Cochran & Bernard Gillett
237. A History of Modern Psychology, 11th Edition: Duane P. Schultz & Sydney Ellen Schultz
238. Congress Reconsidered, 11th Edition: Lawrence C. Dodd & Bruce I. Oppenheimer
239. Theories of Personality, 8th edition: Jess Feist & Gregory Feist & Tomi-Ann Roberts
240. American Government: Political Development and Institutional Change: 8th Edition: Cal Jillson
241. Genetics: A Conceptual Approach, 5th Edition: Benjamin A. Pierce
242. Listen to This, 3rd Edition: Mark Evan bonds
243. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis, 11th Edition: Anthony J. F. Griffiths & Susan R. Wessler & Sean B. Carroll & John Doebley
244. Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, 6th Edition: Paul D. Kimmel & Jerry J. Weygandt & Donald E. Kieso
245. Gardner's Art through the Ages:The Western Perspective, Volume I: 15th Edition: Fred S. Kleiner
246. Statistics: Informed Decisions Using Data, 5th Edition: Michael Sullivan III
247. Microbiology: An Introduction, Global 12th Edition: Gerard J. Tortora & Berdell R. Funke & Christine L. Case
248. Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology 11th Edition: Ted R. Johnson & Christine L. Case
249. Images, Ethics, Technology (Shaping Inquiry in Culture, Communication and Media Studies): Sharrona Pearl
250. The Leisure Commons: A Spatial History of Web 2.0 (Routledge Studies in Science, Technology and Society): Payal Arora
251. Resisting Work: The Corporatization of Life and Its Discontents: Peter Fleming
252. Hermeneutica: Computer-Assisted Interpretation in the Humanities (MIT Press): Geoffrey Rockwell & Stéfan Sinclair
253. Privacy, Big Data, and the Public Good: Frameworks for Engagement: Julia Lane Victoria Stodden Stefan Bender & Helen Nissenbaum & Julia Lane & Victoria Stodden & Stefan Bender
254. Calculus for the Life Sciences, Global 2nd Edition: Raymond N. Greenwell & Nathan P. Ritchey & Margaret Lial
255. Worlds Together, Worlds Apart: A History of the World: From the Beginnings of Humankind to the Present (Concise Edition) (Vol. Volume 2): Elizabeth Pollard & Clifford Rosenberg & Robert Tignor
256. Differential Equations and Linear Algebra, 4th Edition: Stephen W. Goode & Scott A. Annin
257. Career Fitness Program: Exercising Your Options, 11th Edition: Professor Emeritus Diane Sukiennik & Professor Emeritus Lisa Raufman
258. Manual Therapy of the Extremities: Eric Shamus & Arie J. van Duijn
259. Guide to Firewalls and VPNs, 3rd Edition: Michael E. Whitman & Herbert J. Mattord & Andrew Green
260. Health and Wellbeing in Childhood: Susanne Garvis & Donna Pendergast
261. Marketing: An Introduction, 12th Edition: Gary Armstrong & Philip Kotler
262. MANAGING INNOVATION: Integrating Technological, Market and Organizational Change, 4th Edition: Joe Tidd, John Bessant
263. Microsoft Visual Basic Programs to Accompany Programming Logic and Design, 8th Edition: Jo Ann Smith
264. Basics of Web Design: Pearson New International Edition: HTML5 & CSS3, 2nd Edition: Terry Felke-Morris
265. Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases: Competitiveness and Globalization, 11th Edition: Michael A. Hitt & R. Duane Ireland & Robert E. Hoskisson
266. Absolute C++, 6th Edition: Walter Savitch
267. Earth's Climate: Past and Future, Third Edition: William F. Ruddiman
268. Research Methods in Human-Computer Interaction: Jonathan Lazar & Jinjuan Heidi Feng & Harry Hochheiser
269. Financial Management: Theory & Practice, 15th Edition: Eugene F. Brigham & Michael C. Ehrhardt
270. The Struggle for Europe: The Turbulent History of a Divided Continent 1945 to the Present: William I. Hitchcock
271. Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning, and Operation, Global 6th Edition: Sunil Chopra & Peter Meindl
272. Give Me Liberty!: An American History (Brief Fourth Edition) (Vol. 2): Eric Foner
273. Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, 6th Edition: James W. Neuliep
274. Case Studies in Abnormal Psychology, 2nd Edition: Ronald J. Comer
275. Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology (SAGE Foundations of Psychology series), 2nd Edition: Alex Haslam & Craig McGarty
276. DK Communication: Lisa A. Ford-Brown & DK Dorling Kindersley
277. SEO 2017: Learn search engine optimization with smart internet marketing strategies: Adam Clarke
278. International Organizations: Politics, Law, Practice, 2nd Edition: Ian Hurd
279. IT Consulting Essentials: A Professional Handbook: Dave Faulise
280. Student Solutions Manual, Chapters 1-11 for Stewart’s Single Variable Calculus, 8th Edition: James Stewart
281. Give Me Liberty! An American History, Seagull 5E Vol 2: Eric Foner
282. Managing Organizational Change: A Multiple Perspectives Approach, 3rd Edition: Ian Palmer
283. Human Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition: Elaine N. Marieb & Katja N. Hoehn
284. The Essential World History, Volume I: To 1800, 7th edition: William J. Duiker & Jackson J. Spielvogel
285. Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources, Volume 2, 3rd Edition: Robert W. Strayer & Eric W. Nelson
286. Budgeting and Financial Management for Nonprofit Organizations: Using Money to Drive Mission Success: Lynne A. Weikart & Greg G. Chen & Edward M. Sermier
287. The Cosmic Perspective, 8th Edition: Jeffrey O. Bennett & Megan O. Donahue & Nicholas Schneider & Mark Voit
288. Innovation Management and New Product Development, 6th Edition: Paul Trott
289. Total Fitness & Wellness, The MasteringHealth Edition, 7th Edition: Scott K. Powers & Stephen L. Dodd
290. Stratégique (French 10th Edition): Gerry Johnson & Richard Whittington & Kevan Scholes & Duncan Angwin & Patrick Regnér & Frédéric Fréry
291. Management: L'essentiel des concepts et pratiques (French Edition), 9th Edition: Stephen Robbins & David DeCenzo & Mary Coulter & Charles-Clemens Rüling
292. Health Promotion Strategies and Methods 3rd Edition: Garry Egger, Ross Spark, Rob Donovan
293. A Short Guide to Writing about Biology, 9th Edition: Jan A. Pechenik
294. SCHAUM'S outlines College Chemistry, 10th Edition: Jerome L. Rosenberg, PhD, Lawrence M. Epstein, PhD & Peter J. Krieger, EdD
295. Employment Law for Human Resource Practice, 5th Edition: David J. Walsh
296. Managerial Accounting , 13th Edition: Carl S. Warren & James M. Reeve & Jonathan Duchac
297. Fuentes: Conversacion y gramática (World Languages), 5th Edition: Debbie Rusch & Marcela Dominguez & Lucia Caycedo Garner
298. European Energy Law and Policy: Heiko Krüger
299. A History of Evil in Popular Culture: What Hannibal Lecter, Stephen King, and Vampires Reveal About America [2 volumes]: What Hannibal Lecter, Stephen King, and Vampires Reveal about America: Sharon Packer & Jody Pennington
300. Managerial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, 7th Edition: Jerry J. Weygandt & Paul D. Kimmel & Donald E. Kieso
301. Valuation Workbook: Step-by-Step Exercises and Tests to Help You Master Valuation + WS (Wiley Finance), 6th Edition: Tim Koller & Marc Goedhart & David Wessels & Michael Cichello
302. Inbound Marketing, Revised and Updated: Attract, Engage, and Delight Customers Online, 2nd Edition: Brian Halligan & Dharmesh Shah
303. The Hacker Playbook 2: Practical Guide To Penetration Testing: Peter Kim
304. The Basics of Hacking and Penetration Testing: Ethical Hacking and Penetration Testing Made Easy (Syngress Basics Series): Patrick Engebretson
305. Hacking: The Art of Exploitation, 2nd Edition: Jon Erickson
306. Ebersole & Hess' Toward Healthy Aging: Human Needs and Nursing Response, 9th Edition: Theris A. Touhy & Kathleen F Jett
307. Work Motivation in Organizational Behavior, Second Edition: Craig C. Pinder
308. Practical Packet Analysis, 2nd Edition: Chris Sanders
309. Global Business Management Foundations, 2nd Edition: Leslie P Willcocks
310. New Perspectives Microsoft Office 365 & Excel 2016: Comprehensive, Loose-Leaf Version: June Jamrich Parsons & Dan Oja & Patrick Carey & Carol Desjardins
311. Introductory Statistics, Global 10th Edition: Neil A. Weiss
312. Practical Genetic Counseling for the Laboratory: Mckinsey L. Goodenberger & Brittany C. Thomas & Teresa Kruisselbrink
313. Exploring Microsoft Office Access 2016 Comprehensive (Exploring for Office 2016 Series): Mary Anne Poatsy & Eric Cameron & Robert Grauer
314. Critical Discourse Studies and Technology: A Multimodal Approach to Analysing Technoculture (Bloomsbury Advances in Critical Discourse Studies): Ian Roderick
315. Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective (Pearson Series in Geographic Information Science), 4th Edition: John R. Jensen
316. MCSA Guide to Microsoft SQL Server 2012 (Exam 70-462) (Networking (Course Technology)): Faisal Akkawi & Kayed Akkawi & Gabriel J. Schofield
317. Leadership: Theory, Application, & Skill Development, 6th Edition: Robert N. Lussier & Christopher F. Achua
318. Technical Calculus with Analytic Geometry, 5th Edition: Peter Kuhfittig
319. Handbook of Technical Writing, 11th Edition: Gerald J. Alred & Charles T. Brusaw & Walter E. Oliu
320. Introduction to Information Systems: Supporting and Transforming Business, 5th Edition: R. Kelly Rainer Jr., Brad Prince, Casey Cegielski, Alina M. Chircu, Marco Marabelli
321. Film Art: An Introduction, 11th Edition: David Bordwell
322. Statistics, 13th Edition: James T. McClave & Terry T Sincich
323. Statistics with Stata: Updated for Version 12: Lawrence C. Hamilton
324. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Queer Psychology: Clarke, Victoria
325. How Children Develop, Fourth Canadian Edition: Robert S. Siegler & Judy S. DeLoache & Nancy Eisenberg
326. Fundamentals of Abnormal Psychology, 8th Edition: Ronald J. Comer
327. Health, Happiness, and Well-Being: Better Living Through Psychological Science: Steven J Lynn
328. Meeting Special Educational Needs in Primary Classrooms: Inclusion and how to do it, 2nd Edition: Sue Briggs
329. Technology and Society: Jan L. Harrington
330. Complete Guide to Fitness & Health: ACSM
331. Nutrition for Health and Healthcare, 5th Edition.: Ellie Whitney
332. Voices of Freedom: A Documentary History (Fifth Edition) (Vol. 2): Eric Foner
333. Principles of Behavior: 7th Edition: Malott, Richard,Shane, Joseph T.
334. Empowerment Series: Social Work and Social Welfare, 8th Edition: Rosalie Ambrosino & Joseph Heffernan & Guy Shuttlesworth & Robert Ambrosino
335. A Pathway to Introductory Statistics (Pathways Model for Math): Jay Lehmann
336. Developing and Administering a Child Care and Education Program, 9th Edition: Dorothy June Sciarra & Ellen Lynch & Shauna Adams & Anne G. Dorsey
337. Principles and Practice of Sport Management, 5th Edition: Lisa P. Masteralexis & Carol A. Barr & Mary Hums
338. Interpersonal Communication Book, 14th Edition: Joseph A. DeVito
339. Business and Professional Communication: KEYS for Workplace Excellence, 3rd Edition: Kelly M. Quintanilla & Shawn T. Wahl
340. Intervention and Reflection: Basic Issues in Bioethics, Concise Edition (Explore Our New Philosophy 1st Editions): Ronald Munson
341. Applied Time Series Analysis with R, 2nd Edition: Wayne A. Woodward & Henry L. Gray & Alan C. Elliott
342. Mass Media and American Politics, 9th Edition: Doris A. Graber & Johanna L. (Louise) Dunaway
343. Medical-Surgical Nursing: Patient-Centered Collaborative Care, 8th Edition: Donna D. Ignatavicius & M. Linda Workman
344. World Prehistory, 9th Edition: Brian M. Fagan,Nadia Durrani
345. Action (Central Problems of Philosophy): Rowland Stout
346. The Basic Political Writings (Second Edition): Jean-Jacques Rousseau & Donald A. Cress & David Wootton
347. College Mathematics for Business, Economics, Life Sciences and Social Sciences, Global 13th Edition: Raymond A. Barnett & Michael R. Ziegler & Karl E. Byleen
348. Archaeology: A Brief Introduction, 12th Edition: Brian M. Fagan & Nadia Durrani
349. A Short Course in Photography: Digital, 3rd Edition: Barbara London & Jim Stone
350. Republic (Hackett Classics): Plato

2 Parts here, second is down below. And you probably wont believe it or you already know about it and this proves it.
How TikTok is supporting our community through COVID-19
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Introduction
Last updated, December 2020
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In consultation with relevant stakeholders, we update our Community Guidelines from time to time to evolve alongside new behaviors and risks, as part of our commitment to keeping TikTok a safe place for creativity and joy.
Violent extremism
We take a firm stance against enabling violence on or off TikTok. We do not allow people to use our platform to threaten or incite violence, or to promote dangerous individuals or organizations. When there is a threat to public safety or an account is used to promote or glorify off-platform violence, we may suspend or ban the account. When warranted, we will report threats to relevant legal authorities. To effectively protect our community, we may consider information available on other platforms and offline to identify violent and extremist individuals and organizations on our platform. If we find such individuals or organizations on TikTok, we will close their accounts.
Threats and incitement to violence
We consider incitement to violence as advocating for, directing, or encouraging other people to commit violence. We do not allow threats of violence or incitement to violence on our platform that may result in serious physical harm.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Statements of intent to inflict physical injuries on an individual or a group Statements or imagery that encourage others to commit or that advocate for physical violence Conditional or aspirational statements that encourage other people to commit violence Calls to bring weapons to a location with the intent to intimidate or threaten an individual or group with violence Instructions on how to make or use weapons with an intent to incite violence Dangerous individuals and organizations
We do not allow individuals or organizations on our platform who promote or are engaged in violence. We remove such individuals and organizations, including mass murderers, serial killers and rapists, hate groups, criminal organizations, terrorist organizations, and other non-state armed groups that target civilians.
Terrorist organizations
Terrorists and terrorist organizations are non-state actors that threaten violence, use violence, and/or commit serious crimes (such as crimes against humanity) against civilian populations in pursuit of political, religious, ethnic, or ideological objectives.
Organized hate
Organized hate refers to those individuals and organizations who attack people based on protected characteristics, such as race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, caste, sexual orientation, sex, gender, gender identity, or immigration status. We consider attacks to include actions that incite violence or hatred, dehumanize individuals or groups, or embrace a hateful ideology.
Criminal organizations
Criminal organizations are transnational, national, or local groups that have engaged in serious crimes, including violent crimes (e.g., homicide, rape, robbery, assault), trafficking (e.g., human, organ, drug, weapons), kidnapping, financial crimes (e.g., extortion, blackmail, fraud, money laundering), or cybercrime.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that praises, promotes, glorifies, or supports dangerous individuals and/or organizations Content that encourages participation in, or intends to recruit individuals to, dangerous organizations Content with names, symbols, logos, flags, slogans, uniforms, gestures, salutes, illustrations, portraits, songs, music, lyrics, or other objects meant to represent dangerous individuals and/or organizations
Hateful behavior
TikTok is a diverse and inclusive community that has no tolerance for discrimination. We do not permit content that contains hate speech or involves hateful behavior and we remove it from our platform. We suspend or ban accounts that engage in hate speech violations or which are associated with hate speech off the TikTok platform.
Attacks on the basis of protected attributes
We define hate speech or behavior as content that attacks, threatens, incites violence against, or otherwise dehumanizes an individual or a group on the basis of the following protected attributes:
Race Ethnicity National origin Religion Caste Sexual orientation Sex Gender Gender identity Serious disease Disability Immigration status Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Hateful content related to an individual or group, including: claiming that they are physically, mentally, or morally inferior calling for or justifying violence against them claiming that they are criminals referring to them as animals, inanimate objects, or other non-human entities promoting or justifying exclusion, segregation, or discrimination against them Content that depicts harm inflicted upon an individual or a group on the basis of a protected attribute Slurs
Slurs are defined as derogatory terms that are intended to disparage an ethnicity, race, or any other protected attributes listed above. To minimize the spread of egregiously offensive terms, we remove all slurs from our platform, unless the terms are reappropriated, used self-referentially (e.g., in a song), or do not disparage.
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Content that uses or includes slurs Hateful ideology
Hateful ideologies are those that demonstrate clear hostility toward people because of their protected attributes. Hateful ideologies are incompatible with the inclusive and supportive community that our platform provides and we remove content that promotes them.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that praises, promotes, glorifies, or supports any hateful ideology Content that contains names, symbols, logos, flags, slogans, uniforms, gestures, salutes, illustrations, portraits, songs, music, lyrics, or other objects related to a hateful ideology Content that denies well-documented and violent events have taken place affecting groups with protected attributes Claims of supremacy over a group of people with reference to other protected attributes Conspiracy theories used to justify hateful ideologies
Illegal activities and regulated goods
We work to ensure TikTok does not enable activities that violate laws or regulations. We prohibit the trade, sale, promotion, and use of certain regulated goods, as well as the depiction, promotion, or facilitation of criminal activities, including human exploitation. Content may be removed if it relates to activities or goods that are regulated or illegal in the majority of the region or world, even if the activities or goods in question are legal in the jurisdiction of posting.
Criminal activities
Criminal activities cover a wide spectrum of acts punishable by law, including theft, assault, human exploitation, counterfeiting, and other harmful behavior. To prevent such behavior from being normalized, imitated, or facilitated, we remove content that promotes or enables criminal activities.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that depicts or promotes acts of physical harm, such as assault or kidnapping Content that risks the safety of others, including swatting Content that depicts or promotes human exploitation, including human smuggling, bonded labor, domestic servitude, sex trafficking, or prostitution Content that depicts or promotes the poaching or illegal trade of wildlife Content that offers the purchase, sale, trade, or solicitation of unlawfully acquired or counterfeit goods Content that provides instructions on how to conduct criminal activities Weapons
We do not allow the depiction, promotion, or trade of firearms, ammunition, firearm accessories, or explosive weapons. We also prohibit instructions on how to manufacture those weapons. Content as part of a museum's collection, carried by a police officer, in a military parade, or used in a safe and controlled environment such as a shooting range may be allowed.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that displays firearms, firearm accessories, ammunition, or explosive weapons Content that offers the purchase, sale, trade, or solicitation of firearms, accessories, ammunition, explosive weapons, or instructions on how to manufacture them Drugs, controlled substances, alcohol, and tobacco
We do not allow the depiction, promotion, or trade of drugs or other controlled substances. The trade of tobacco and alcohol products is also prohibited on the platform.
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Content that depicts or promotes drugs, drug consumption, or encourages others to make, use, or trade drugs or other controlled substances Content that offers the purchase, sale, trade, or solicitation of drugs or other controlled substances, alcohol or tobacco products (including vaping products) Content that provides information on how to buy illegal or controlled substances Content that depicts or promotes the making of illicit alcohol products Content that depicts or promotes the misuse of legal substances, or instruction on how to make homemade substances, in an effort to become intoxicated Frauds and scams
We do not permit anyone to exploit our platform to take advantage of the trust of users and bring about financial or personal harm. We remove content that deceives people in order to gain an unlawful financial or personal advantage, including schemes to defraud individuals or steal assets.
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Content that depicts or promotes phishing Content that depicts or promotes Ponzi, multi-level marketing, or pyramid schemes Content that depicts or promotes investment schemes with promise of high returns, fixed betting, or any other types of scams Gambling
We do not allow content promoting gambling services, or that could be perceived as advertising for casinos, sports betting, or any other commercial gambling activity.
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Content that promotes casinos, sports betting, poker, lotteries, gambling-related software and apps, or other gambling services Privacy, personal data, and personally identifiable information (PII)
We do not allow content that violates the confidentiality of personal data or personally identifiable information (e.g., social security information). We remove content that depicts personal data or personally identifiable information (PII) from the platform.
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Content that contains personal data or personally identifiable information (PII)
Violent and graphic content
TikTok is a platform that celebrates creativity but not shock-value or violence. We do not allow content that is gratuitously shocking, graphic, sadistic, or gruesome or that promotes, normalizes, or glorifies extreme violence or suffering on our platform. When there is a threat to public safety, we suspend or ban the account and, when warranted, we will report it to relevant legal authorities.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content of humans that depicts: violent or graphic deaths or accidents dismembered, mutilated, charred, or burned human remains gore in which an open wound or injury is the core focus real-world physical violence, fighting, or torture Content of animals that depicts: the slaughter or other non-natural death of animals dismembered, mutilated, charred, or burned animal remains animal cruelty and gore
Suicide, self-harm, and dangerous acts
We care deeply about the health and well-being of the individuals that make up our community. We do not allow content depicting, promoting, normalizing, or glorifying activities that could lead to suicide, self-harm, or eating disorders. We also do not permit users to share content depicting them partaking in, or encouraging others to partake in, dangerous activities that may lead to serious injury or death.
However, we do support members of our community sharing their personal experiences with these issues in a safe way to raise awareness and find community support. We also encourage individuals who are struggling with thoughts of self-harm or suicide, or who know someone is seriously considering suicide, to immediately contact local emergency services or a suicide prevention hotline. In the event that our intervention could help a user who may be at risk of harming themselves, the TikTok team may also alert local emergency services.
Suicide
We remove content that displays suicide, suicidal ideation, or content that might encourage participation in other self-injurious behavior. We also remove content that depicts attempted suicide or content featuring a person engaging in behavior or intending to engage in behavior that is likely to lead to self-inflicted death. We prohibit any form of content that promotes, normalizes, or glorifies suicide, provides instructions for suicide, or posts that portray a suicide as heroic or honorable.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that provides instructions for suicide Content that depicts, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies suicide Suicide games, dares, pacts, or hoaxes Self-harm and eating disorders
To avoid normalizing, encouraging, or triggering self-harm behavior, we do not allow imagery that depicts such behavior, regardless of the user's intention of posting it. We remove content that may encourage or normalize acts that are likely to lead to physical self-inflicted injury. Content that promotes eating habits that are likely to cause adverse health outcomes is also not allowed on the platform.
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Content that depicts, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies self-harm or eating disorders Content that provides instructions on how to engage in self-harm or eating disorders Self-harm or eating disorder games, dares, pacts, or hoaxes Content that depicts, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies eating disorders or other dangerous weight loss behaviors associated with eating disorders Dangerous acts
We define risky activities or other dangerous behavior as acts conducted in a non-professional context or without the necessary skills and safety precautions that may lead to serious injury or death for the user or the public. We do not allow content that depicts, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies such behavior, including amateur stunts or dangerous challenges.
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Content that shows the potentially inappropriate use of dangerous tools, vehicles, or objects Content that depicts or promotes ingesting substances that are not meant for consumption or could lead to severe harm Dangerous games, dares, or stunts that might lead to injury
Harassment and bullying
We believe in an inclusive community and individualized expression without fear of abuse. We do not tolerate members of our community being shamed, bullied, or harassed. Abusive content or behavior can cause severe psychological distress and will be removed from our platform.
Abusive behavior
We remove all expressions of abuse, including threats or degrading statements intended to mock, humiliate, embarrass, intimidate, or hurt an individual. This prohibition extends to the use of TikTok features. To enable expression about matters of public interest, critical comments of public figures may be allowed; however, serious abusive behavior against public figures is prohibited.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that insults another individual, or disparages an individual on the basis of attributes such as intellect, appearance, personality traits, or hygiene Content that encourages coordinated harassment Content that disparages victims of violent tragedies Content that uses TikTok interactive features (e.g., duet) to degrade others Content that depicts willful harm or intimidation, such as cyberstalking or trolling Content that wishes death, serious disease, or other serious harm on an individual or public figure Sexual harassment
Sexual harassment involves unwanted or inappropriate sexual behavior directed at another individual. We do not allow content, including comments or advances, that sexually harasses others, regardless of user's intent, as such actions can cause great distress to targeted individuals.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that attempts to make unwanted sexual contact Content that simulates sexual activity with another user, either verbally, in text (including emojis), or through the use of any in-app features Content that disparages another person's sexual activity Content that alters or morphs an image of another individual to portray or imply sexual suggestiveness or engagement in sexual activity Content that reveals, or threatens to reveal a person's private sexual life, including threats to publicize digital content, sexual history, and names of previous sexual partners Content that exposes, or threatens to expose, a person's sexual orientation without their consent or knowledge Threats of hacking, doxxing, and blackmail
Threatening to hack or dox with an intent to harass or blackmail another individual can cause serious emotional distress and other offline harm. We define doxxing as the act of collecting and publishing personal data or personally identifiable information (PII) for malicious purposes. We consider these online behaviors as forms of abuse and do not allow them on our platform.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that threatens to reveal personal data or personally identifiable information (PII), including residential address, private email address, private phone number, bank statement, social security number, or passport number Threats of blackmail or hacking another individual's account Content that incites or encourages others to hack or reveal another person's account, personal data, or personally identifiable information (PII) An individual's account, personal data, or personally identifiable information for others to abuse, troll, or harass
Adult nudity and sexual activities
We strive to create a platform that feels welcoming and safe. We do not allow nudity, pornography, or sexually explicit content on our platform. We also prohibit content depicting or supporting non-consensual sexual acts, the sharing of non-consensual intimate imagery, and adult sexual solicitation.
Sexual exploitation
Sexual exploitation is defined as any actual or attempted abuse of a position of vulnerability, power, or trust for sexual purposes, including profiting monetarily, socially, or politically from the sexual exploitation of another. We do not permit sexually exploitative content.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that depicts, solicits, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies non-consensual sexual acts or non-consensual touching, including rape and sexual assault Content that depicts, solicits, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies the sharing of non-consensual intimate imagery, including sexual images that are taken, created, or shared without consent Content that depicts, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies sexual violence Content that depicts, promotes, or glorifies sexual solicitation, including offering or asking for sexual partners, sexual chats or imagery, sexual services, premium sexual content, or sexcamming Nudity and sexual activity involving adults
Nudity and sexual activity include content that is overtly revealing of breasts, genitals, anus, or buttocks, or behaviors that mimic, imply, or display sex acts. We do not allow depictions, including digitally created or manipulated content, of nudity or sexual activity. We are mindful of content that may be offensive or culturally inappropriate in certain regions or may not be suitable for users of all ages.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that explicitly or implicitly depicts sexual activities including penetrative and non-penetrative sex, oral sex, or erotic kissing Content that depicts sexual arousal or sexual stimulation Content that depicts a sexual fetish Content that depicts exposed human genitalia, female nipples or areola, pubic regions, or buttocks Content that contains sexually explicit language for sexual gratification
Minor safety
We are deeply committed to ensuring the safety of minors on our platform. We do not tolerate activities that perpetuate the abuse, harm, endangerment, or exploitation of minors on TikTok. Any content, including animation or digitally created or manipulated media, that depicts abuse, exploitation, or nudity of minors is a violation on our platform and will be removed when detected. When warranted, we report violative content to the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC) and/or other relevant legal authorities. TikTok considers a minor any person under the age of 18.
Users must meet the minimum age requirements to use TikTok, as stipulated in our Terms of Service. When underage account holders are identified, we will remove those accounts. Our platform is designed with the safety of minors in mind and some of our features are age restricted. Account holders who are under the age of 16 cannot use direct messaging or host a livestream; the age thresholds may be higher in some regions. Account holders who are under the age of 18 cannot send or receive gifts via our virtual gifting features.
Sexual exploitation of minors
Sexual exploitation of minors is defined as any abuse of a position of power or trust for sexual purposes, including profiting financially, socially, sexually, or politically from the exploitation of a minor. Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) is defined as any visual depiction of sexually explicit nudity or conduct, whether captured by predatory adults, peers, or self-generated by minors. TikTok will take action on any content or accounts involving sexual interactions and advances between an adult and a minor, or between minors with a significant age difference.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that shares, reshares, offers to trade or sell, or directs users off platform to obtain or distribute CSAM Content that engages with minors in a sexualized way, or otherwise sexualizes a minor (e.g., via product features like duets) Content that depicts, solicits, glorifies, or encourages child abuse imagery including nudity, sexualized minors, or sexual activity with minors Content that depicts, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies pedophilia or the sexual assault of a minor Content that revictimizes or capitalizes on minor victims of abuse by third party reshares or reenactments of assault or confessions Grooming behavior
Grooming behaviors are those in which an adult builds an emotional relationship with a minor in order to gain the minor's trust for the purposes of future or ongoing sexual contact, sexual abuse, trafficking, or other exploitation. These behaviors include: flattery, requests for contact on or off platform, requests for personal information, solicitation of minor sexual abuse material, sexual solicitations or comments, and gift-giving.
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Grooming advances Content that depicts, promotes, normalizes, or glorifies grooming behaviors Content that solicits real-world sexual contact between a minor and an adult or between minors with a significant age difference Content that displays or offers nudity to minors Any solicitation of nude imagery or sexual contact, through blackmail or other means of coercion Nudity and sexual activity involving minors
Nudity and sexual activity involving minors include content that is overtly revealing of breasts, genitals, anus, or buttocks, or behaviors that mimic, imply, or display sex acts involving minors. We do not allow the depiction, including digitally created or manipulated content, of nudity or sexual activity.
Do not post, upload, stream, or share:
Content that depicts or implies minor sexual activities including penetrative and non-penetrative sex, oral sex, or intimate kissing Content that depicts sexual arousal or sexual stimulation involving a minor Content that depicts a sexual fetish involving a minor Content that depicts exposed human genitalia, female nipples or areola, pubic regions, or buttocks of a minor Content that contains sexually explicit language depicting or describing a minor Content depicting a minor that contains sexually explicit song lyrics Content with sexually explicit dancing of a minor, including twerking, breast shaking, pelvic thrusting, or fondling the groin or breasts of oneself or another Content depicting a minor undressing Content depicting a minor in minimal clothing that is not situationally relevant to the location Sexualized comments, emojis, text, or other graphics used to veil or imply nudity or sexual activity of a minor Harmful activities by minors
Harmful minor activities include the possession or consumption of substances prohibited for minors, the misuse of legal substances, engagement in illegal activities, participation in activities, physical challenges, or dares that may threaten the well-being of minors. We remove any such content from our platform.
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Content that suggests, depicts, imitates, or promotes the possession or consumption of alcoholic beverages, tobacco, or drugs by a minor Content that offers instruction targeting minors on how to buy, sell, or trade alcohol, tobacco, or controlled substances Content that depicts or promotes activities that may jeopardize youth well-being, including physical challenges, dares, or stunts Physical and psychological harm of minors
Behaviors that place minors at risk of physical or psychological harm include physical abuse, neglect, endangerment, and psychological disparagement. We remove any such content from our platform.
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Content that depicts or promotes physical abuse, neglect, endangerment, or psychological disparagement of minors Content that depicts or promotes survivalist techniques without a warning asserting the hazards of replication Crimes against children
We do not allow users who have been convicted of crimes against children to have an account on our platform. These crimes include: sexual assault, molestation, murder, physical abuse or neglect, abduction, international parental kidnapping, trafficking, exploitation of minors for prostitution, live online sexual abuse of a minor, sexual exploitation of minors in the context of travel and tourism, attempts to obtain or distribute child sexual abuse material (CSAM), and the production, possession, or distribution of child sexual abuse material (CSAM). If we discover any such users, we ban the account. Any self-disclosed user information that states the account holder is a pedophile or minor sex offender will be taken at face value and the account may be deleted.
Integrity and authenticity
We believe that trust forms the foundation of our community. We do not allow activities that may undermine the integrity of our platform or the authenticity of our users. We remove content or accounts that involve spam or fake engagement, impersonation, misleading information that causes harm, or that violate any intellectual property rights.
Spam and fake engagement
Fake engagement includes any content or activity that seeks to artificially inflate popularity on the platform. We prohibit any attempts to manipulate the platform to increase interaction metrics.
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Share instructions on how to artificially increase views, likes, followers, shares, or comments Attempt to or engage in selling or buying views, likes, followers, shares, or comments Promote artificial traffic generation services Operate multiple TikTok accounts under false or fraudulent pretenses to distribute commercial spam Impersonation
We do not allow accounts that pose as another person or entity in a deceptive manner. When we confirm a report of impersonation, we will ask the user to revise the profile or suspend or ban the account. We do allow parody, commentary, or fan accounts, as long as the user indicates in the bio and username that it is fan, commentary, or parody and not affiliated with the subject of the account.
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Pose as another person or entity by using someone else's name, biographical details, or profile picture in a misleading manner Misinformation
Misinformation is defined as content that is inaccurate or false. While we encourage our community to have respectful conversations about subjects that matter to them, we do not permit misinformation that causes harm to individuals, our community, or the larger public regardless of intent.
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Misinformation that incites hate or prejudice Misinformation related to emergencies that induces panic Medical misinformation that can cause harm to an individual's physical health Content that misleads community members about elections or other civic processes Conspiratorial content that attacks a specific protected group or includes a violent call to action, or denies a violent or tragic event occurred Digital Forgeries (Synthetic Media or Manipulated Media) that mislead users by distorting the truth of events and cause harm to the subject of the video, other persons, or society Do not:
Engage in coordinated inauthentic behaviors (such as the creation of accounts) to exert influence and sway public opinion while misleading individuals and our community about the account's identity, location, or purpose Intellectual property violations
Copyright is a legal right that protects original works of authorship (e.g., music, videos) and original expression of an idea (e.g., the specific way a video or music is expressed or created), although does not protect underlying ideas or facts. A trademark is a word, symbol, slogan, design that identifies and distinguishes the source of a product or service. We encourage everyone to create and share original content. Content that infringes someone else's intellectual property rights is prohibited on our platform and will be removed if we become aware of it. The use of copyrighted work under certain circumstance, such as the fair use doctrine or other applicable laws, or the use of a trademark to reference, lawfully comment, criticize, parody, make a fan page, or review a product or service may not be considered a violation of our policies.
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Part 2, they send you back to the TikTokers page and it goes around and around. They wont do anything unless it will get them in trouble, if they can get in trouble for it then they will step in. But only then.
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Zodiac meticulously hand drew his ciphers, but his handwritten letters were sometimes sloppy and often contained spelling errors. Theories about the misspelled words vary. But I think they do have a purpose.
I was looking at the dragon card message when I realized the obvious. Zodiac was meticulous with his correspondence. Nothing was included that wasn't meant to be there. Because he put in so much effort, he wouldn't have allowed for any mistakes. If you read the message you will notice that he misspells a word, only to spell it correctly a couple lines down. So he knows how to spell correctly. There are no mistakes in any of those letters. The misspellings are meant to be there because they serve a purpose.
1) The first mistake is the last word of Line 6 - "butons". Now, if you write the correct spelling "Buttons" above "butons" and cross out the matching letters in each word, you are left with a "T".
2) The next mistake you will come to isn't a misspelled word, but contains one. The Zodiac is talking about all of the buttons he sees people around San Fran wearing. One of his examples is "Melvin eats bluber". The Melvin Belli reference aside, this was a mistake. There never were any Melvin eats blubber buttons. The buttons actually said "Melville eats blubber". So, write that above his mistake and cross out the letters that occur in both words. You will get N, L, L, E, B.
3) Next is the word "considerbly" which will give you an A.
4) Then another "Buton" which will give you a T.
5) Lastly for this message, another "Melvin's", which will give you N, L, L, E.
So all together you have ( T N LLE B A T N LLE )
You can make that into several things. I first saw the last name of one of the prime Zodiac suspects, Arthur Lee Allen. Remember, Arthur Lee Allen lived with his mother, whose name was Bernice Allen. B Allen?
TELL
B ALLEN NT
BALLET or BATTLE?
It may just be nonsense. But there are obvious clues in the letters besides the ciphers. For Instance, the 13 cipher with the map of Mt. Diablo. The 13 cipher uses letters and symbols from the face of a 1968 Zodiac Watch Company Sea Wolf watch. Now, Zodiac drew the watch company's symbol (his symbol) of the circle and cross over Mt. Diablo. He then wrote 0, 3, 6, 9 and "Set to Mag. N." next to the 0. (FYI, a model of the Sea Wolf had a compass N,E,S,W dial around the face). So, the 3,6,9 are all in the correct place where they would appear on the watch face. BUT THE 0! The 0 is where the 12 o'clock should be. I think there may have been a 0 on the ring around the watch face as well, but can't remember. Now, in the same letter Zodiac drew his circle and cross with "-12". He was saying there wasn't a 12, there was a 0. Because Zodiac -12 SFPD - 0. Was this his location in relation to the SFPD and not his body count?
Also, the South Lake Tahoe letter and victim Lass. She worked at a casino there. In the 13 Cipher, you can clearly see that the first word plainly says
C A S I N × O. The message on the postcard in question said "Peek through the pines". Could he have meant, "Peak through the pines", as in mountain peak? Zodiac had said that the cipher related to radians and inches on a map. The first and last letters of this cipher are C and G. In geometry, C represents radians, G represents gradians. I am not extremely proficient in math, but I can't see where it actually does represent what he says it does. I think he was lying..Go figure.
A while back I took a different approach to the 340 or 408 Cipher, can't remember which one I used at the time, and I lost everything because that computer crashed. I have an anger issue with computers. I punch them too much, which greatly affects their performance. But all of the symbols used are actually astrological symbols that, in turn, represent specific numbers. They are symbols that are used to make a person's astrological chart, like for the moment they were born. It gets difficult tracking down the meaning of each symbol when you know nothing about astrology. But, I went one symbol at a time and replaced them with their numeric value and it actually read real coordinates of longitude and latitude. The first coordinate was a place in Northern California, near the Nevada Border, by the Scott Warner Wilderness Area. I only finished the first two lines, so I don't know if it would have lead to something of actual importance. But I think it would have been just another dead end or another puzzle.
All of the tangents, leads, and circumstantial evidence can lead you in so many different directions. I know a lot of people were very excited when they discovered the 1952 Tim Holt Red Mask comic book. The issue that featured Lady Doom and the Wheel of Death. The wheel listed ways to die, like "Death by Knife", "Death by Gun", "Death by Rope". So the Zodiac's message scratched into the car door at Lake Berryessa appears to be directly linked to the comic. People began looking at Tim Holt. But even more curious was the illustrator of the comic book, Frank Bolle. He signed his initials in the artwork "FWB" in a way that is extremely similar to one of the symbols designs Zodiac used later on (not in a cipher). Frank Bolle wrote a comic strip in 1971 called Alexander Gates. The character was an astrologist. Frank Bolle is deceased now, but the coincidences were strange.
Despite all of this, I can't get by the idea that Zodiac wasn't just one or two people, but the result of several events. The first couple killed were David Farraday and Betty Lou Jensen. I do not believe Cherri Jo Bates was a Zodiac victim, but was later claimed for understandable reasons that I will discuss. I read an interview with Betty Lou's family after the murder, and I was left with the feeling that there wasn't really any grieving. The father, Verne Jensen, struck me as odd. Verne Jensen was a career Army officer, and was working at the GSA in that area. One thing that I noticed was that Betty Lou had siblings, or at least one sibling, an older sister. After she is pictured in that interview, you don't hear of her again.
From my understanding, the relationship between Verne and his youngest daughter Betty Lou, was somewhat rocky. Betty Lou was sort of the black sheep. She wanted to date boys when she was too young, and had been in trouble with her parents before that. On the night of the murders, she was supposed to be at a school function, and I believe her parents had forbid her from going on a date. So, perhaps Verne suspected something, or saw her pull away from the diner in a boys car. But he followed them out to a remote lover's lane spot. He had been upset about how her activities made the family look. It would not have been good if she was whoring around with some boy. And kids go out to lover's lanes to have sex. It's that simple.
Instead of going to the school function like she was supposed to, she went to the diner with the boy to meet friends, then went to the lover's lane. Verne pulled up, and in a fit of rage, ordered them out of the car. One thing led to another and he shot David Farraday in the back of the head. Betty Lou was back from the car. Perhaps he had ordered her to go back to his car. But then, out of anger and fear, he shot Betty Lou. She was shot five times, opposed to David's one. There was some prejudice and a connection between her and the killer.
Six months later..Darlene Ferrin and Michael Mageau are parked in a dark, remote lover's lane. A car pulls up, leaves, and comes back about ten minutes later. The two can't see because of the lights from the car behind. That's why they think it's a cop. The killer fires multiple rounds into the car, killing Darlene. Michael survives.
Darlene Ferrin was a married woman. No matter how you try to spin this, the husband could not have been happy with her activities. So, perhaps he drove by and saw them parked. Or one of his friends did. They pulled in, verified it was them, went to get a gun and came back. Once again, Darlene was killed. Michael survived, but probably not on purpose. I think different ammunition was used in this killing, as opposed to Betty Lou and David.
After that, the killer got scared. If it was Darlene's husband, his only thought was that he would be the prime suspect. So he panicked. Three blocks from his house, across the street from the police station, he called the police and reported the murders. He also said he was responsible for the other two murders six months before, and hung up. Why would he do that? The first two murders were shocking, and everybody in that area knew about them. He didn't want the police to suspect him, the natural suspect in this type of murder. So he claimed to be the killer of the kids at both places. If the police went on the idea that one psycopath killer was responsible, and if the husband had an airtight alibi for the time when Betty Lou and David were killed, then he couldn't have been responsible for any of them.
I don't know if Verne wrote the first letter, or he did. But it solidified the idea that one person was responsible for the two seperate instances. Anybody who followed the case at the time would know this. So then we have the Lake Berryessa murders, which was well planned. Someone had followed the case and made himself a Zodiac costume to hide his identity. But this killing wasn't like the others. The killer tied up his victims and used a knife. And he did it in broad daylight.
He was using the Zodiac image of the killer that had been created in the news. To tie them into the others, he wrote the dates of the murders and played off the Tim Holt comic book.
Then came Paul Stine, which didn't match any of the others.
In that time, letters were written which the Zodiac established his identity, taunted the police, threatened more killings, and included cryptic ciphers to mislead the police. The Cherri Jo Bates murder became known as a possible Zodiac killing, and the writer gladly claimed credit. The more killings, the more locations, the more times, if all tied into one suspect, would essentially disqualify any of the killers (one, two, or three people). Because not one of them could have been in all those places at those times, and that would have provided an alibi. One thing that the writer of the letters could count on, was the fact that he could claim the previous murders and not worry about the real killer stepping forward and saying, "No he didn't. That was me." Because Verne would have just wanted to be forgotten about.
And handwriting analysis was not very good at the time. You will notice that some Zodiac letters are sloppy and some are neatly printed. They vary. I wouldn't doubt if the ciphers are all just nonsensical bullshit. The more murders you tie into one person, the more of an airtight alibi you create for yourself. Because, if one person was responsible for all of them, then an alibi for just one would disqualify you as the killer for all of them.
Lastly, you have to look at serial killers before and after. Serial killers kill for personal reasons. It something that is very private to them. They usually have one safe spot where they feel comfortable. Ed Gein had his farm and was somewhat of a recluse. The Green River Killer had a remote spot on the Green River. John Wayne Gacy had all of his bodies under his house. Richard NG had the bodies under a remote cabin. Ted Bundy broke this rule, but killed in the same manner as he travelled across country. But the bodies were mostly in one private location. It would probably have really bothered any of them to have their private locations discovered. None of them wrote lettter after letter claiming responsibility for killing. All of them killed by one method. The last thing any of them wanted was to be a suspect, or to be in the spotlight. None of them wrote letters to shame the police. They were all very private people. So, Zodiac strays away from this. It doesn't match the profile of a serial killer. It's not what a serial killer would do, because it's not why a serial killer actually kills.
I don't think we will ever know who the killer or killers actually were.
Thanks for reading,
Matt Brubach